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href="http://growset.com/sitemap.xml">Sitemap XML</a></li><li><a href="http://growset.com/rss/">RSS</a></li><li><a href="http://growset.com/mobile.aspx">Mobile version</a></li></a></li> <li><a href="/Chat.html"></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="content"> <h3>"Find Magic Mushrooms In Scotland"</h3> <p> <img border="0" src="/images/Stuffed-Mushroom-Recipe-Magic-Mushroom-Growing-Kit" > INTRODUCTION Mind-altering (psilocybine &#99&#111&#110&#116&#97&#105&#110&#105&#110&#103&#41 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#98&#101&#101&#110 traditionally used in religious &#104&#101&#97&#108&#105&#110&#103 &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#99&#101&#114&#101&#109&#111&#110&#105&#101&#115 by native peoples in Mesoamerica for more than 3,000 years. Today, &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 hallucinogenic fungi by Westerners is &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100&#44 &#101&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#110 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110&#115 of the United States, Canada, Mexico, &#67&#97&#114&#105&#98&#98&#101&#97&#110&#44 &#71&#114&#101&#97&#116 &#66&#114&#105&#116&#97&#105&#110&#44 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 (especially in the Netherlands), Scandinavia, South America, Southeast Asia, India, &#66&#97&#108&#105&#44 &#83&#97&#109&#111&#97&#59 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 New Zealand.<br> The &#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110&#44 &#110&#111&#110&#45&#116&#114&#97&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99 mushrooms has been stimulated, by media reports in newspapers, magazines, word-of-mouth &#99&#111&#109&#109&#117&#110&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#87&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#87&#105&#100&#101 &#87&#101&#98 and Internet, and also by the scholarly and popular journal publications of the renown ethnomycologist R. &#71&#111&#114&#100&#111&#110&#13&#10&#87&#97&#115&#115&#111&#110&#44 &#40&#72&#97&#114&#118&#97&#114&#100 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#115&#116 &#84&#105&#109&#111&#116&#104&#121 &#76&#101&#97&#114&#121&#44 traveler Jeremy &#83&#97&#110&#102&#111&#114&#100&#44 &#104&#101&#97&#108&#116&#104 &#103&#117&#114&#117 &#65&#110&#100&#114&#101&#119 Weil, &#97&#110&#100 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#115 &#40&#115&#101&#101 &#65&#108&#108&#101&#110 , Merlin &Jansen, 1991).This field guide reviews the &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#111&#102 &#98&#111&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101 accidental &#97&#110&#100 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#111&#115&#101&#102&#117&#108 &#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 psychoactive <a href="http://growset.com/mexico_mushroom_buy.htm" title="Mexico Mushroom Buy" alt="Mexico Mushroom Buy" >Mexico Mushroom Buy</a> mushrooms in &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#101&#119&#13&#10&#90&#101&#97&#108&#97&#110&#100&#46 &#73&#110&#102&#111&#114&#109&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#110 this guide &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#103&#97&#116&#104&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 personal experiences in &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101 &#97&#117&#116&#104&#111&#114 and from reports in the &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#108&#105&#116&#101&#114&#97&#116&#117&#114&#101&#44 &#110&#101&#119&#115 &#105&#116&#101&#109&#115 &#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110 the &#112&#111&#112&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#112&#114&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#97&#110&#100 &#112&#101&#114&#115&#111&#110&#97&#108 communications with Australian and <a href="http://growset.com/mexico_mushroom_buy.htm" title="Mexico Mushroom Buy" alt="Mexico Mushroom Buy" >Mexico Mushroom Buy</a> New Zealand (NZ) professionals (Unsigned &#49&#57&#55&#48&#59 &#79&#39&#78&#101&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#49&#57&#56&#54&#41&#46 <p align="left"> &#111&#119&#110&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#100&#101&#97&#116&#104 and disease, bloated &#115&#116&#111&#109&#97&#99&#104&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#105&#110&#115&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121&#46 &#66&#101&#108&#105&#101&#102&#115 &#115&#117&#99&#104 as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit &#97&#115 &#115&#111&#109&#101&#111&#110&#101 &#34&#119&#104&#111&#13&#10&#97&#116&#101 &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#77&#121&#99&#101&#110&#97&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#105&#118&#105&#108&#105&#122&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#98&#101&#103&#97&#110 &#119&#105&#116&#104 a mushroom &#116&#114&#105&#112 &#45&#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101&#13&#10&#97&#110 &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116 in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin &#112&#111&#101&#116 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#101&#109&#112&#111&#114&#97&#114&#121 &#111&#102 &#69&#109&#112&#101&#114&#111&#114 Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE &#70&#73&#82&#83&#84 &#77&#65&#71&#73&#67&#73&#65&#78&#63&#13&#10&#65 &#113&#117&#97&#115&#105&#45&#99&#97&#110&#110&#105&#98&#97&#108&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#44 the &#97&#99&#116 &#111&#102 &#101&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110 of the gods &#117&#110&#108&#111&#99&#107&#101&#100 &#111&#110&#101&#39&#115 &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human &#98&#101&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#116&#111 &#101&#110&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 of divine consciousness. This &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#114&#101&#115&#105&#100&#101&#115 &#105&#110 &#111&#110&#108&#121 those fungi &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#97&#115 &#34&#102&#111&#111&#108&#39&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#34&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 were considered poisonous and believed to be &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#97&#119&#110 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well &#105&#110&#116&#111&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#116&#105&#109&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#78&#101&#119 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#58 &#84&#104&#101 Aztecs in Mexico referred to a &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 &#111&#102 &#115&#109&#97&#108&#108&#44 &#105&#110&#99&#111&#110&#115&#112&#105&#99&#117&#111&#117&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 as &#116&#101&#111&#110&#97&#114&#116&#97&#99&#97&#116&#108&#44 &#111&#114 &#34&#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 &#111&#102 the Gods." These sacred mushrooms &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#110&#13&#10&#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#114&#115&#101 of rituals intended to contact the Gods in &#111&#114&#100&#101&#114 &#116&#111 &#108&#101&#97&#114&#110 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 the <a href="http://growset.com/hallucinogenic_mushrooms_cow_shit/pics_of_shrooms_growing_in_cow_shit.htm" title="Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Cow Shit Pics Of Shrooms Growing In Cow Shit" alt="Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Cow Shit Pics Of Shrooms Growing In Cow Shit" >Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Cow Shit Pics Of Shrooms Growing In Cow Shit</a> world and the realm of the divine. These &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#115 &#116&#104&#111&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#108&#121 &#115&#112&#111&#111&#107&#101&#100 the &#67&#97&#116&#104&#111&#108&#105&#99&#13&#10&#83&#112&#97&#110&#105&#97&#114&#100&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#114&#115&#44 commonly thought of as Devil &#119&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#114&#115&#44 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#104&#111&#117&#110&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101 Inquisition. &#83&#116&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#97&#108&#108 &#103&#111&#111&#100 &#116&#104&#105&#110&#103&#115 survive the tests of time, so the &#99&#117&#108&#116 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#101&#97&#116&#101&#114&#115 did &#110&#111&#116 &#98&#101&#99&#111&#109&#101 &#101&#120&#116&#105&#110&#99&#116&#46 &#76&#105&#107&#101 mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the &#112&#114&#111&#112&#101&#114 &#116&#105&#109&#101 &#105&#110 &#114&#101&#99&#111&#114&#100&#101&#100 history, &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#53&#55&#44&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116 &#111&#102 the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention.<br> Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#110&#101&#111&#45&#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#99 &#109&#111&#118&#101&#109&#101&#110&#116&#46&#13&#10&#66&#97&#99&#107 &#116&#111 the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were so &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#119&#111&#110&#100&#101&#114&#102&#117&#108&#44 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#111&#117&#114 &#110&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as &#99&#108&#111&#115&#101&#108&#121 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 magic mushrooms &#111&#102 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 of the Aztec Gods. The &#115&#111&#117&#108&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 in Mexico and &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#97&#114&#101 &#101&#115&#115&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#109&#97&#100&#101 from &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#97&#109&#101&#13&#10&#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#58 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122 has made an extraordinary contribution to the &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#111&#102 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121 &#98&#121 &#101&#109&#98&#114&#97&#99&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#39&#115 magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#102&#117&#110&#103&#105&#46 &#84&#104&#101 research efforts &#117&#112&#111&#110 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#98&#111&#111&#107 &#105&#115 based require nothing less than a &#102&#101&#97&#114&#108&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#98&#114&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#117&#114&#97&#103&#101&#111&#117&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#102&#114&#101&#101 of prejudice &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#111&#98&#105&#97&#46 &#73&#13&#10&#97&#109 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#105&#110&#99&#101&#100 that a researcher's &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#13&#10&#105&#110&#102&#117&#115&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 of &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#97&#112&#97&#98&#108&#101 of far &#100&#101&#101&#112&#101&#114 &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 we can ever expect from the usual ivory &#116&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#97&#99&#97&#100&#101&#109&#105&#99&#115&#44 &#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121 </p> went in waves. Increasingly, all colors in her immediate surroundings coalesced into shades of green. The hallucinations were fearsome; the heads of monsters became visible and a wall opened up into an abyss. There was a succession of human figure with animal heads. The next day, everything was back to normal. The oldest child (age 14) also saw her parents' hair color turn green, had dilated pupils and watched geometric shapes appear on the wall. The youngest child (age 11) experienced cramps and lost consciousness. In 1960, Singer and Guzman suggested that Panaeolus cyanescens might contain psilocybin, because of the intense blue staining they had observed. It wasn't until after the intoxications in Menton had been publicized, that a research team working with A. Hofmann detected 0.2% of psilocybin in the mushrooms. Considering the powerful effects, however, this concentration appears to be too low to cause such impressive reactions. Later on, Sandoz Laboratories reported the level of psilocybin in dried samples as 0.8%, along with 1.2% psilocin. The level of psilocin, however, may have been falsely elevated by the presence of serotonin and its derivates in the mushroom sample that was being tested. According to Stijve, a mushroom sample collected by J.W. Allen in Thailand contained 0.4% - 1.05% of psilocin, with only trace amounts of psilocybin; serotonin was present in large amounts, comparable to concentrations found in all Panaeolus species. Apparently, Panaeolus cyanescens produces more psilocin than psilocybin. Still, I was able to detect 0.4% of psilocybin in mycelia cultivated on malt agar, with no other indole compounds present. Discussion of the Panaeolus species would remain incomplete without pointing out that those subjectively terrifying psychoses reported in 1965 cannot be attributed to a specific mushroom ingredient, but were likely precipitated by the circumstances (set and setting) surrounding the incident. The effects described by J. Allen in Hawaii after eating 20 specimens paint a different picture altogether: With radio music playing softly in the dark, euphoria began to come on in waves. After 20 minutes, visions became so intense that I tried to close my eyes. Whenever 1 did close my eyes, my eyelids felt as if they were being sprayed from the outside. Colors were sharp and clear, but I always quickly opened my eyes again. Colors were dancing like laser beams to the rhythm of the music. The stars in the sky assembled in clusters that reached all the way into my soul. I was a little scared at the idea that the ocean water might rush up all the way into our hut. Other than that, feelings of euphoria were overwhelming. At times, I was overcome by fits of laughter. That night, I slept like "a prince ". The following morning I gathered up my belongings and had to walk back across the pasture where I had collected the mushrooms the day before. I noticed a lot o , and who gorge themselves on our tax dollars. I met Jochen Gartz shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall at the third symposium of the European College for the Study of Consciousness (ECSC) in Freiburg, Germany. Our encounter was my first contact with a researcher from the former East Germany. Jochen Gartz's enthusiastic lecture was a truly consciousnessexpanding event, his words breaking down traditional borders and crossing over into new territory. The magic mushrooms spoke through him - with no trace of dogma or ideology - in the tradition of true anarchy that is the hallmark of mushroom magic. What I heard was unbelievable. Jochen spoke of a "new" psychedelic mushroom and its migration. The mycelia had spread in concentric circles outward from Leipzig, jumping all political borders. Finally, when the mycelia reached West German soil, the hated Berlin Wall crumbled. Could there possibly be a connection between the evolution of the magic mushroom and the evolution of our consciousness? Could a mushroom have contributed to the resolution of our political conflicts? In the past, politicians, even popes, had their own jesters and magicians, who functioned as pressure release valves in the machinations of political power struggles. It is obvious that a country whose chancellor is being pelted with eggs, urgently needs a new breed of magician who are able to readjust reality. But today, no aspiring magician should go about this task without this book as a guide for the wondrous journey into the realm of magic mushrooms. Christian Rdtsch Figure 5 - "Anthropomorphic Beings Engaged in Mushroom Dance" 10,000-year-old rock drawing in Tassili, Sahara (Algeria) CHAPTER 1 I BELIEVE THE TIME HAS COME FOR A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF NEW FINDINGS FROM THE FIELDS OF MYCOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY When R.G. Wasson, R. Heim and A. Hofmann began their interdisciplinary research program to study the Mexican species of mushrooms and their usage in Mexican mushroom cults, their efforts culminated in a 1958 landmark report that described the isolation, molecular structure and synthesis of the mushrooms' active ingredients: psilocybin and psilocin. Several years later, these substances were also identified in a species of mushroom in Europe, Psilocybe semilanceata, which became the first in a series of newly discovered species. Since then, psychoactive mushrooms from other genera have been reported with increasing frequency. As part of my analytical work dedicated to the identification of naturally occurring chemicals, I had the good fortune to be part of a research team that studied alkaloids found in a variety of mushroom species. Now I believe the time has come for a comprehensive review of new findings from the fields of mycology, taxonomy and natural products chemistry. Wasson and his successors have already provided detailed accounts pertaining to the history and study of the Me </p> <h3>Paddos</h3> <p> <div align="center"> &#111&#119&#110&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#100&#101&#97&#116&#104 &#97&#110&#100 disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#104&#97&#118&#101 survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures &#111&#102 &#115&#112&#101&#101&#99&#104&#44 &#115 &#117 c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone <a href="http://growset.com/psychoactive_mushrooms_horse_manure/pictures_of_magic_mushrooms_in_northwest_colorado.htm" title="Psychoactive Mushrooms Horse Manure Pictures Of Magic Mushrooms In Northwest Colorado" alt="Psychoactive Mushrooms Horse Manure Pictures Of Magic Mushrooms In Northwest Colorado" >Psychoactive Mushrooms Horse Manure Pictures Of Magic Mushrooms In Northwest Colorado</a> "who ate those madness-inducing <u>Laughing Jims</u> mushrooms." But, &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#115 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#44 &#118&#101&#114&#121 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116&#44&#13&#10&#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom &#108&#101&#103&#97&#99&#121 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108&#46&#13&#10&#70&#108&#101&#115&#104 &#111&#102 the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#97 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#116&#114&#105&#112 -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110 of the gods. WHO &#87&#65&#83 &#84&#72&#69 &#70&#73&#82&#83&#84 &#77&#65&#71&#73&#67&#73&#65&#78&#63&#13&#10&#65 quasi-cannibalistic ritual, &#116&#104&#101 &#97&#99&#116 &#111&#102 &#101&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 the children of the gods &#117&#110&#108&#111&#99&#107&#101&#100 &#111&#110&#101&#39&#115 &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 the truly divine. But &#110&#111&#116 &#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#101&#110&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#104&#117&#109&#97&#110 beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness.<br> This magic power resides in only those fungi &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#97&#115 &#34&#102&#111&#111&#108&#39&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#34&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#119&#101&#114&#101 considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#97&#116&#101 &#77&#105&#100&#100&#108&#101 Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#13&#10&#114&#101&#102&#101&#114&#114&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#97 number of &#115&#109&#97&#108&#108&#44 &#105&#110&#99&#111&#110&#115&#112&#105&#99&#117&#111&#117&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#115 &#116&#101&#111&#110&#97&#114&#116&#97&#99&#97&#116&#108&#44 &#111&#114 &#34&#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 of &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46&#34 &#84&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#115&#97&#99&#114&#101&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were eaten during &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#114&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#115 intended to contact the Gods in order to &#108&#101&#97&#114&#110 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#119&#111&#114&#108&#100 and the realm of the divine.<br> These &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#115 &#116&#104&#111&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#108&#121 &#115&#112&#111&#111&#107&#101&#100 the Catholic Spaniards.<br> The mushroom &#101&#97&#116&#101&#114&#115&#44 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110&#108&#121&#13&#10&#116&#104&#111&#117&#103&#104&#116 &#111&#102 &#97&#115 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108 worshippers, were hounded by the &#73&#110&#113&#117&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#83&#116&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#97&#108&#108 &#103&#111&#111&#100 things &#115&#117&#114&#118&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#116&#101&#115&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#105&#109&#101&#44 so the cult of &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#101&#97&#116&#101&#114&#115 &#100&#105&#100 &#110&#111&#116 become extinct. Like mycelia underground, &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#117&#108&#116 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#117&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#102&#108&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#44 and at the proper time in recorded &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121&#44 &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#53&#55&#44&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116 of the fully grown mushroom &#114&#101&#45&#115&#117&#114&#102&#97&#99&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#100&#114&#97&#119 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#112&#117&#98&#108&#105&#99 &#97&#116&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#110&#101&#111&#45&#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#99 &#109&#111&#118&#101&#109&#101&#110&#116&#46&#13&#10&#66&#97&#99&#107 to the Old World: The revelations and &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 &#103&#97&#105&#110&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#101 of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#111&#117&#114 &#110&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#34&#102&#111&#111&#108&#39&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#34 - which were gene &#59 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#105&#110&#101&#100&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#45 had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the &#65&#122&#116&#101&#99&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#115&#111&#117&#108&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 in <a href="http://growset.com/welcome_to_magic_mushrooms_net.htm" title="Welcome Mushrooms Net Mushrooms Mushrooms" alt="Welcome Mushrooms Net Mushrooms Mushrooms" >Welcome Mushrooms Net Mushrooms Mushrooms</a> Mexico and Germany are &#101&#115&#115&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#109&#97&#100&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 same substance: psilocybin.<br> Jochen Gartz has made an &#101&#120&#116&#114&#97&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#97&#114&#121&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100 of mycology by &#101&#109&#98&#114&#97&#99&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#39&#115 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#110&#100 the scientific study and testing of these &#102&#117&#110&#103&#105&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#117&#112&#111&#110 which this &#98&#111&#111&#107 &#105&#115 &#98&#97&#115&#101&#100 &#114&#101&#113&#117&#105&#114&#101&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116&#104&#105&#110&#103 less than &#97 &#102&#101&#97&#114&#108&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#98&#114&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#110&#100 courageous consciousness, free of prejudice &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#111&#98&#105&#97&#46 &#73&#13&#10&#97&#109 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#105&#110&#99&#101&#100 that a researcher's consciousness infused by &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom is capable of &#102&#97&#114 &#100&#101&#101&#112&#101&#114 &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 than we can ever expect from the &#117&#115&#117&#97&#108 &#105&#118&#111&#114&#121 &#116&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#97&#99&#97&#100&#101&#109&#105&#99&#115&#44 &#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 reality </div> <p align="left"> &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#106&#111&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#102 &#97&#100&#118&#101&#114&#115&#101 physical effects &#111&#114 &#110&#101&#103&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#114&#101&#97&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 produced by "magic mushrooms" generally result from inappropriate set &#97&#110&#100 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#99&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#111&#114 &#98&#101&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 of improper dosage, which may vary considerably among consumers, &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 &#111&#114 even within an &#105&#110&#100&#105&#118&#105&#100&#117&#97&#108 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#113&#117&#101&#115&#116&#105&#111&#110 of dosage is often confused by the variation in the source of the &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#105&#115 consumed. For example, Psilocybe cubensis, when picked &#97&#110&#100 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#110 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#105&#116&#115 &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 dung (manure) habitat, produces a relatively mild &#109&#105&#110&#100&#97&#108&#116&#101&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#105&#115 evident from the large amounts of fresh specimens needed to &#97&#99&#104&#105&#101&#118&#101 &#97 &#116&#104&#114&#101&#115&#104&#111&#108&#100 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114 when grown in vitro (indoor laboratory cultivation and/or illicit cultivation), Psilocybe &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#97&#112&#112&#97&#114&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#99&#97&#110 &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#101 a more &#112&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 &#115&#116&#114&#97&#105&#110 &#99&#97&#112&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#111&#102 inducing a &#118&#101&#114&#121 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#110&#115&#101 &#118&#105&#115&#117&#97&#108&#44 &#115&#111&#109&#101&#116&#105&#109&#101&#115 &#113&#117&#105&#116&#101 disturbing, experience.<br> This dosage &#97&#115&#115&#117&#109&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#117&#109&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 1 to 3 gm of dried material &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#98&#101 &#116&#111&#111 &#108&#111&#119 if the &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#109&#101&#110 &#99&#97&#109&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 a &#119&#105&#108&#100 &#115&#111&#117&#114&#99&#101&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#108&#111&#119 potency &#102&#111&#114 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110 confirmed &#98&#121 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#77&#97&#114&#103&#111&#116 & Watling, (1981), who were surprised by the &#99&#111&#109&#112&#97&#114&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 &#115&#109&#97&#108&#108 &#97&#109&#111&#117&#110&#116&#115 &#111&#102 psilocybin and psilocin which &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#101&#120&#116&#114&#97&#99&#116&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#119&#105&#108&#100 specimens collected from five different locations in Australia. This suggests that a &#109&#117&#99&#104 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101&#114 &#100&#111&#115&#101 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 be required to produce significant hallucinations.<br> It is possible <a href="http://growset.com/where_magic_mushrooms_grow_wild_in_scotland.htm" title="Where Magic Mushrooms Grow Wild In Scotland" alt="Where Magic Mushrooms Grow Wild In Scotland" >Where Magic Mushrooms Grow Wild In Scotland</a> &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#104&#101&#109&#105&#99&#97&#108&#115 &#109&#111&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#100&#101&#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#116&#101&#100 between the time that they were harvested and the time of &#97&#110&#97&#108&#121&#115&#105&#115&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#105&#116 &#115&#104&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#98&#101 noted that a strain of Psilocybe cubensis producing different flushes (harvests) will vary somewhat in potency between flushes. </p> &#101&#100&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101 &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 of studies were conducted, primarily with LSD. These investigators sought to discover the receptor binding sites for hallucinogenic compounds &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#98&#114&#97&#105&#110 &#97&#110&#100 to understand the mechanisms underlying the genesis &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99 &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#115&#46 &#84&#111&#100&#97&#121&#44 we still lack a sound theoretical framework <a href="http://growset.com/Mushroom_Cloud_Pics/psilocybin_mushrooms_buy.htm" title="Mushroom Cloud Pics Psilocybin Mushrooms Buy" alt="Mushroom Cloud Pics Psilocybin Mushrooms Buy" >Mushroom Cloud Pics Psilocybin Mushrooms Buy</a> able to explain the relationship between chemical compounds and the manifestation of their psychoactivity. Even though basic research &#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#101&#114&#116&#97&#105&#110&#108&#121 &#105&#109&#112&#111&#114&#116&#97&#110&#116&#44 &#105&#116&#115 &#109&#101&#116&#104&#111&#100&#115&#44 unfortunately, are often a function <i>magic mushroom pics</i> of a rather &#111&#110&#101&#45&#115&#105&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#112&#104&#97&#114&#109&#97&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#97&#112&#112&#114&#111&#97&#99&#104 &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 of &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#44 &#76&#83&#68 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#101&#115&#99&#97&#108&#105&#110&#101 - an approach that is, &#105&#110 &#102&#97&#99&#116&#44 &#116&#111&#111 &#110&#97&#114&#114&#111&#119 to address the remarkably unusual nature of these substances and their effects. Misunderstandings between pharmacologists and toxicologists &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#110&#101 &#104&#97&#110&#100 and psychiatrists and &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 can often &#98&#101 &#116&#114&#97&#99&#101&#100 &#97&#108&#108 &#116&#104&#101 way back to the 1950's, creating &#97 &#108&#101&#103&#97&#99&#121 &#111&#102 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#117&#116&#101&#115 and arguments <i>Liberty Caps</i> that have yet to be resolved. S. Grof undertook the tedious task of analyzing 5,000 experimental LSD protocols in &#97&#110 &#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#111 &#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#101 "absolute" symptoms &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97&#114&#101 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 &#111&#114 occur &#97&#108&#108 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#116&#105&#109&#101&#46 &#72&#105&#115 results were negative. <a href="http://growset.com/buy_psychoactive_mushrooms/magic_mushrooms_adelaide/" title="Mushrooms Chat Mushrooms Chat Mushrooms Chat Magic Chat Psychoactive Chat Adelaide" alt="Mushrooms Chat Mushrooms Chat Mushrooms Chat Magic Chat Psychoactive Chat Adelaide" >Mushrooms Chat Mushrooms Chat Mushrooms Chat Magic Chat Psychoactive Chat Adelaide</a> According to Grof, hallucinogenic substances are &#110&#111&#110&#45&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#116&#114&#105&#103&#103&#101&#114&#115&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#97 &#115&#101&#113&#117&#101&#110&#99&#101 of altered &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#100&#111 not fit the syndrome labeled "toxic psychosis".<br> Rather, &#105&#116 &#105&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#105&#110&#100&#105&#118&#105&#100&#117&#97&#108&#39&#115 &#112&#101&#114&#115&#111&#110&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121&#44 along with &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#109&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108 &#115&#101&#116&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#115&#105&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#110&#116&#108&#121 shape &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99 experience. This view is shared by &#97 &#109&#97&#106&#111&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#102 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#116&#115 with considerable experience in conducting psychedelics-assisted psychotherapy.<br> Even &#34&#114&#101&#97&#108&#34 &#115&#111&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#115&#121&#109&#112&#116&#111&#109&#115&#44&#13&#10&#115&#117&#99&#104 &#97&#115 &#110&#97&#117&#115&#101&#97 &#111&#114 vomiting, &#99&#97&#110 &#111&#102&#116&#101&#110 &#98&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#111&#108&#108&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 intervention techniques administered by trained professionals. A Plethora of Names The broad &#114&#97&#110&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#112&#111&#115&#115&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101&#115&#13&#10&#105&#110&#115&#112&#105&#114&#101&#100 the &#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#108&#97&#98&#101&#108&#115 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 than "hallucinogens", with widely differing semantic connotations: &#101&#110&#116&#104&#101&#111&#103&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99&#115&#44&#13&#10&#105&#108&#108&#117&#115&#105&#111&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#121&#116&#105&#99&#115&#44 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#109&#105&#109&#101&#116&#105&#99&#115&#44&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#100&#121&#115&#108&#101&#112&#116&#105&#99&#97&#44 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#101&#109&#101&#116&#105&#99&#115 and others. "Phantastica" &#40&#76&#101&#119&#105&#110&#41 &#105&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#108&#100&#101&#115&#116 label ever used to describe this class &#111&#102 &#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#116&#101&#114&#109 &#115&#117&#99&#99&#101&#115&#115&#102&#117&#108&#108&#121 evokes &#100&#114&#101&#97&#109&#45&#108&#105&#107&#101&#44 &#102&#97&#110&#99&#105&#102&#117&#108&#13&#10&#97&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 experience, as well as the potential for euphoric and dysphoric emotional overtones.<br> More recent &#116&#101&#114&#109&#105&#110&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121 &#111&#102&#116&#101&#110 &#115&#97&#121&#115 &#109&#111&#114&#101 about semantic biases of those who use the labels than about any factual, objective characteristics of the alkaloids they refer &#116&#111&#46 &#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103&#108&#121&#44 &#111&#102&#102&#105&#99&#105&#97&#108 &#97&#110&#116&#105&#100&#114&#117&#103&#13&#10&#112&#114&#111&#112&#97&#103&#97&#110&#100&#97 since the &#49&#57&#54&#48&#39&#115 &#104&#97&#115 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#97&#114&#97&#103&#101&#100 &#34&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99&#115&#34 as excessively glamorous and &#116&#111&#111 &#112&#111&#115&#105&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#97 &#108&#97&#98&#101&#108&#44 as the term was popular among Timothy Leary's fans and supporters.<br> When used in low doses &#111&#114 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116&#13&#10&#116&#105&#109&#101&#44 these substances are most likely to bring about a kind of magical transformation of surroundings, with a heightened ability &#116&#111 &#112&#101&#114&#99&#101&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#115&#117&#98&#116&#108&#101 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#99&#101&#115 &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 color spectru More than half of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland and New South Wales; and the 20 to 30 inch (500-750mm) rainfall belt of Queensland, New South Wales and Northern Victoria, generally provide adequate climatic environments for the growth of psilocybian mushrooms, especially after heavy rains. It has been suggested that "Psilocybe cubensis was introduced into Australia accidentally by early settlers along with their livestock." This same spore dispersal mechanism also probably applies to Copelandia cyanescens, Panaeolus subbalteatus and several additional species known to occur in or around the dung of other ruminants. This includes Psilocybe semilanceata and the non-hallucinogenic "haymaker's" mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii. While cattle are raised in all Australian states, as well as in the central lowlands, recreational users have been known to export these psychoptic species to various areas in Australia from areas where they were collected. In the case of New Zealand, hereafter referred to as NZ, cattle are the primary source for Copelandia cyanescens, but the "liberty cap" mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata only grows in the manured soil of four-legged ruminants and not directly from manure (Jansen, Pers. Comm., 1988). The identification section of this guide documents reported locations for more than 1 dozen species of psilocybian mushrooms in Australia and NZ which most likely have been used at one time or another for recreational purposes. own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality More than half of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland <p align="right"> <H2>Mushrooms Mushrooms I Illinois can I magic can</H2> Dosages for Psilocybe australiana Guzmán & Watling, <a href="http://growset.com/panaeolus_antillarum/" title="Panaeolus Antillarum" alt="Panaeolus Antillarum" >Panaeolus Antillarum</a> Psilocybe eucalypta Guzmán <a href="http://growset.com/growing_mushrooms_in_feces.htm" title="Growing Mushrooms In Feces" alt="Growing Mushrooms In Feces" >Growing Mushrooms In Feces</a> & </p> ecialize in the study of Psilocybes, despite the fact that Psilocybe semilanceata is the most common and conspicuous species among the Psilocybes. Also, mushroom lovers whose interests are not purely scientific (see Chapter 7.4) do not usually preserve their knowledge for posterity in the form of distribution maps. However, there is one map from 1986, which shows the distribution pattern of Psilocybe semilanceata across Germany (see Figure 20, p. 28). Almost no published information is available about locations where Psilocybe species have been found in eastern Germany. During my own field trips, I have discovered Psilocybe semilanceata specimens in various locations, such as near my hometown of Mansfeld in the Vorharz Mountains, in the marshlands of Duben as well as in other eastern German marshland areas. In addition, friends who are also mycologists have told me about finding the mushrooms in other parts of the country. A book published in 1952 is among the rare sources that includes details about specimens discovered in the southeastern state of Saxony (see Figure 16, p. 23). The Psilocybe species grow most abundantly on wet pastures surrounded by forest areas. In my experience, Psilocybe semilanceata grows in most of Germany's forestlands. The species fruits during the fall, from late September through October. It favors acidic soil and grassy terrain alongside trails or around the edges of forest lands. Specimens are generally clustered in small groups of 30 mushrooms or less. Deer droppings or other animal feces are usually present at those locations, even though the mushrooms never grow directly on top of dung. Occasionally, extremely stunted specimens may be found in the mountains by the side of the road. The soil below older cow pastures provides an excellent medium for extensive mycelial growth. In some locations, large areas yield an abundance of fruiting bodies, mirroring the extent of mycelial saturation in the soil. Given adequate moisture, maximum yields can be expected, if the pasture was grazed at least once during the weeks before fruiting season. However, the mushrooms also thrive under similar conditions on horse and sheep pastures. Such grassy areas inside forests are usually grazing areas for deer, who provide the soil with additional fertilization. However, Psilocybe semilanceata does not grow in locations where artificial fertilizer has been used. Such pastures are often flanked by creeks or swamp lands, which saturate the soil with water. During the summertime, the warm climate in these wet areas provides an excellent environment for optimal mycelial growth. In Germany, the mushroom's habitat ranges from the coastal areas to mountainous regions, where the species has been found at altitudes of up to 1,720 m (5,160 ft) above sea level (MTB-8443, 1985). In the former Czechoslovakia, samples have been collected at altitudes ranging from 330 to 1,000 m (1,000 - </p> <h3>Liberty Caps @ 3/12/2010 1:04:23 AM</h3> <p> </p> <p> <p align="right"> Those <a href="http://growset.com/effects/cream_of_mushroom_soup_recipe.htm" title="Effects Cream Of Mushroom Soup Recipe" alt="Effects Cream Of Mushroom Soup Recipe" >Effects Cream Of Mushroom Soup Recipe</a> who ingest &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#105&#110 </p> ecialize in the study of Psilocybes, despite the fact that Psilocybe semilanceata is the most common and conspicuous species among the Psilocybes. Also, mushroom lovers whose interests are not purely scientific (see Chapter 7.4) do not usually preserve their knowledge for posterity in the form of distribution maps. However, there is one map from 1986, which shows the distribution pattern of Psilocybe semilanceata across Germany (see Figure 20, p. 28). Almost no published information is available about locations where Psilocybe species have been found in eastern Germany. During my own field trips, I have discovered Psilocybe semilanceata specimens in various locations, such as near my hometown of Mansfeld in the Vorharz Mountains, in the marshlands of Duben as well as in other eastern German marshland areas. In addition, friends who are also mycologists have told me about finding the mushrooms in other parts of the country. A book published in 1952 is among the rare sources that includes details about specimens discovered in the southeastern state of Saxony (see Figure 16, p. 23). The Psilocybe species grow most abundantly on wet pastures surrounded by forest areas. In my experience, Psilocybe semilanceata grows in most of Germany's forestlands. The species fruits during the fall, from late September through October. It favors acidic soil and grassy terrain alongside trails or around the edges of forest lands. Specimens are generally clustered in small groups of 30 mushrooms or less. Deer droppings or other animal feces are usually present at those locations, even though the mushrooms never grow directly on top of dung. Occasionally, extremely stunted specimens may be found in the mountains by the side of the road. The soil below older cow pastures provides an excellent medium for extensive mycelial growth. In some locations, large areas yield an abundance of fruiting bodies, mirroring the extent of mycelial saturation in the soil. Given adequate moisture, maximum yields can be expected, if the pasture was grazed at least once during the weeks before fruiting season. However, the mushrooms also thrive under similar conditions on horse and sheep pastures. Such grassy areas inside forests are usually grazing areas for deer, who provide the soil with additional fertilization. However, Psilocybe semilanceata does not grow in locations where artificial fertilizer has been used. Such pastures are often flanked by creeks or swamp lands, which saturate the soil with water. During the summertime, the warm climate in these wet areas provides an excellent environment for optimal mycelial growth. In Germany, the mushroom's habitat ranges from the coastal areas to mountainous regions, where the species has been found at altitudes of up to 1,720 m (5,160 ft) above sea level (MTB-8443, 1985). In the former Czechoslovakia, samples have been collected at altitudes ranging from 330 to 1,000 m (1,000 - Mind-altering (psilocybine containing) mushrooms have been traditionally used in religious healing and curing ceremonies by native xican mushroom species, so that these materials need not be repeated in this context. However, certain aspects concerning the more recent uses of these mushrooms as well as their conditions of growth will receive more detailed attention in later chapters. The main purpose of this book is to inspire further study of these mushrooms, particularly basic research efforts and medical applications of magic mushroom ingredients. The extensive bibliography will help scientists and other interested mycophiles to further immerse themselves in this complex area of study. Jochen Gartz Figure 6 - Bronze doors with mushroom motif entitled "Trial and Judgment" at Hildesheim Cathedral, Germany (ca. 1020). CHAPTER 2 REFLECTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAGIC MUSHROOMS It is remarkable that cultures native to the American continent knew about a relatively large number of natural mind-altering substances compared to early cultures that evolved in Europe or Asia. Botanical evidence does not support the notion that Europe is home to fewer hallucinogenic plants than other regions. Furthermore, the growing number of recently discovered European mushroom species containing psilocybin indicate a flourishing psychotropic mycoflora in Europe similar to those found in other countries. It is unlikely that early European cultures learned less about local plants and mushrooms through usage and experience than cultures elsewhere in the world. Most likely, early cultural knowledge of European psychoactive plants and mushrooms was lost or destroyed at some time in history, probably as early as several hundred years ago. The discovery that the fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was known for its psychoactive properties in Siberia invited the conclusion that this mushroom was used as a psychotropic agent in medieval Europe as well. In fact, there is very little evidence from the Middle Ages to indicate widespread knowledge of the effects of specific mushrooms on human consciousness. However, I believe that past reports on psychoactive mushrooms were causally linked to Amanita muscaria simply because this was the only known psychotropic mushroom in Europe at that time. While the usage of Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated reports of spectacular hallucinations, European accounts of fly agaric intoxications do not generally include descriptions of such intensely hallucinatory effects. Accordingly, the potent hallucinogenic effects of specific Psilocybes and related species are likely to have had a much more significant influence on early European cultures than the delirium-like visions induced by Amanita muscaria, a species that is also known to induce unconsciousness and severe somatic side effects. This hypothesis is corroborated by data from comprehensive field studies conducted in Mexico. I believe that historic accounts including those described below - indicate a knowledge of . For that reason, freeze-dried samples for biochemical analysis are stored at -10°C prior to alkaloid extractions or chromatography testing. In addition to the reports from Finland, investigators in North America have noted that psilocybin's decay rate is slowest in Psilocybe semilanceata, compared to other species. (1) R = H2P03 (2) R = H Figure 19 - Structural formulas for psilocybin (1) and psilocin (2). CH3 CH3 Psilocybe semilanceata Figure 20 - Distribution pattern of Psilocybe semilanceata in Germany and adjacent areas. Locations are indicated by black dots. CHAPTER 3.2 PSILOCYBE CYANESCENS - POTENT MUSHROOMS GROWING ON WOOD DEBRIS At least one other Psilocybe species in addition to Psilocybe semilanceata is known to exist in Europe. At this point, I must emphasize that the differentiation of single species within the Psilocybe genus is subject to considerable controversy among eminent taxonomists. For example, there are different methods of distinguishing the Hypholoma genus from the Stropharia genus. The Widespread Distribution of Psilocybe cyanescens While Psilocybe semilanceata is a species that has long been clearly defined and is well known by this name, there are, according to Krieglsteiner, other strongly bluing mushrooms that can be described as belonging to the "Psilocybe cyanescens complex". These are all mushrooms that grow on raw compost and plant debris. In accordance with current states of knowledge, the following names in the literature are merely synonyms for Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield emend. Krieglsteiner: different herbariums. However, the microscopic data pertaining to the Psilocybe species are poorly delineated and oftentimes overlap. It is therefore imperative that additional mycological studies of Psilocybe cyanescens be performed. To this end, fresh mushroom samples from various European locations should be used, and biochemical methods must be included in the investigation. Guzman's division of Psilocybe cyanescens by geographic area, however, definitely turned out to be inaccurate. According to his system, -North Africa was home to Psilocybe mairei, while Psilocybe cyanescens were found in England and Holland and Psilocybe serbica supposedly grew in Serbia and Bohemia. The geographic distribution of the entire species seems to cover a vast area, with variations along climate and terrain at locations where samples were collected. Such disparate morphologies are to be expected when dealing with "young" species, that is, species that have not yet firmly established themselves and are still expanding into new locations. Figure 7 (p. 14) displays locations in Europe and North Africa where samples of Psilocybe cyanescens have been found. - Hypholoma cyanescens R. Maire - Hypholoma coprinifacies (Rolland ss. Herink) Pouzar - Geophila cyanescens (R. Maire) Kuhner & Romagnesi - Psilocybe serbica Moser & Horak - Psilocybe mairei Singer - Psilocyb <p align="right"> and familiarity with psychotropic mushrooms &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 &#109&#111&#115&#116 likely derived from usage of Psilocybes &#97&#110&#100 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 &#114&#97&#116&#104&#101&#114 than experience &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97 &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 it is extremely difficult to reject or confirm this hypothesis, due to the lack of &#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#100&#97&#116&#97&#13&#10&#97&#118&#97&#105&#108&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#97&#110&#97&#108&#121&#115&#105&#115 today. Bwyd Ellylon: A &#70&#101&#97&#115&#116 &#111&#102 &#70&#97&#105&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#67&#101&#108&#101&#98&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 of the Spirit &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#13&#10&#84&#97&#108&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 usage have found their way &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 myths and legends. For &#105&#110&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#44 &#111&#110&#101 &#108&#101&#103&#101&#110&#100 &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#101&#115 a peculiar poisonous mushroom in Wales (British Isles) with the strange name &#111&#102 &#66&#119&#121&#100 &#69&#108&#108&#121&#108&#111&#110&#44&#13&#10&#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#119&#97&#115 considered a delicacy &#98&#121 &#102&#97&#105&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#102&#101&#97&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#105&#110 &#99&#101&#108&#101&#98&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 of the spirit world. Psilocybe semilanceata &#105&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#111&#115&#116 &#105&#109&#112&#111&#114&#116&#97&#110&#116 psilocybincontaining mushroom in Europe &#97&#110&#100 &#105&#116 &#116&#104&#114&#105&#118&#101&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#112&#97&#114&#116&#115 of Great Britain, where the mushroom grows abundantly all across the &#87&#101&#108&#115&#104 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#121&#115&#105&#100&#101 &#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#102&#97&#108&#108 &#115&#101&#97&#115&#111&#110&#46&#13&#10&#73 would &#108&#105&#107&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#97&#110&#107 &#71&#46 &#83&#97&#109&#111&#114&#105&#110&#105 for pointing out that the &#73&#110&#113&#117&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#119&#97&#115 &#117&#110&#117&#115&#117&#97&#108&#108&#121&#13&#10&#99&#114&#117&#101&#108 &#97&#110&#100 vicious &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#65&#108&#112&#105&#110&#101 &#118&#97&#108&#108&#101&#121&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#86&#97&#108&#99&#97&#109&#111&#110&#105&#99&#97&#44 Valtrompia and Valtellina (located in the provinces of Brescia and Sandrio in Northern Italy). &#77&#97&#110&#121 &#98&#111&#111&#107&#115 &#99&#104&#114&#111&#110&#105&#99&#108&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#108&#101&#115&#115&#13&#10&#119&#105&#116&#99&#104 burnings in &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114&#13&#10&#101&#109&#112&#104&#97&#115&#105&#115 on &#116&#104&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#101&#115&#39 &#109&#101&#101&#116&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#97&#116 the "Monte del Tonale", &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#97&#116 &#97&#110 &#97&#108&#116&#105&#116&#117&#100&#101 &#111&#102 2000 m (ca.<br> 6,000 ft). Field &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#104&#97&#115 &#115&#104&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 plants of the nightshade family ("witching herbs") do not grow at this altitude; even the fly agaric &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#105&#115 &#114&#97&#114&#101&#108&#121 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101&#46 By contrast, &#112&#97&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101&#97 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 Psilocybe semilanceata during the fall. Given this historical context, it would seem likely that Psilocybe semilanceata played an important role as &#97&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#97&#103&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 region (see &#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#56&#44&#13&#10&#67&#104&#97&#112&#116&#101&#114 &#55&#46&#52&#41&#46&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116 of medieval accounts &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#97&#99&#116&#105&#99&#101 &#111&#102 &#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#99&#114&#97&#102&#116&#44 it is interesting to note that a subjective sensation of flying or levitation is among &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110&#108&#121 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 <i>magic mushrooms</i> of psilocybin intoxication. Berserk Rage of Nordic Warriors In the course of &#116&#104&#101 &#105&#100&#101&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#115&#116&#114&#117&#103&#103&#108&#101 &#98&#101&#116&#119&#101&#101&#110 Christianity &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#109&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#112&#97&#103&#97&#110 &#114&#101&#108&#105&#103&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#119&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#100 Nature, many sources of knowledge were lost. The aggressive repression and eradication &#111&#102 &#112&#114&#101&#45&#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110&#13&#10&#99&#117&#115&#116&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#108&#108 &#98&#117&#116 &#100&#101&#115&#116&#114&#111&#121&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101 continuity of Europe's &#111&#114&#105&#103&#105&#110&#97&#108 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#104&#101&#114&#105&#116&#97&#103&#101&#44 &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 with much historic evidence documenting &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108&#13&#10&#112&#114&#97&#99&#116&#105&#99&#101&#115&#44 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 usage &#111&#102 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 purpose of temporary alterations of consciousness. Some &#97&#117&#116&#104&#111&#114&#115 &#119&#101&#110&#116 &#115&#111 &#102&#97&#114 as &#116&#111 &#98&#108&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#102&#108&#121 &#97&#103&#97&#114&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 for &#112&#114&#111&#118&#101&#114&#98&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#105&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#34&#98&#101&#114&#115&#101&#114&#107&#13&#10&#114&#97&#103&#101&#34 &#97&#116&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#101&#100 to Nordic warriors. Many accounts detailing this phenomenon allude to &#97 &#34&#100&#101&#99&#101&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#121&#101&#115&#34 (i.e. visual hallucinations). <a href="http://growset.com/game_shrooms.htm" title="Game Shrooms" alt="Game Shrooms" >Game Shrooms</a> After &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#78&#111&#114&#100&#105&#99 &#108&#101&#103&#97&#108 &#115&#121&#115&#116&#101&#109 &#98&#97&#110&#105&#115&#104&#101&#100 the practice &#111&#102&#13&#10&#34&#103&#111&#105&#110&#103 &#98&#101&#114&#115&#101&#114&#107&#34&#44 &#105&#116 &#100&#105&#115&#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114&#101&#100 quite suddenly during the 12th century. At &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#105&#109&#101&#44&#13&#10&#83&#97&#120&#111 Grammaticus speculated that the Berserkers may have used mag </p> . For that reason, freeze-dried samples for biochemical analysis are stored at -10°C prior to alkaloid extractions or chromatography testing. In addition to the reports from Finland, investigators in North America have noted that psilocybin's decay rate is slowest in Psilocybe semilanceata, compared to other species. (1) R = H2P03 (2) R = H Figure 19 - Structural formulas for psilocybin (1) and psilocin (2). CH3 CH3 Psilocybe semilanceata Figure 20 - Distribution pattern of Psilocybe semilanceata in Germany and adjacent areas. Locations are indicated by black dots. CHAPTER 3.2 PSILOCYBE CYANESCENS - POTENT MUSHROOMS GROWING ON WOOD DEBRIS At least one other Psilocybe species in addition to Psilocybe semilanceata is known to exist in Europe. At this point, I must emphasize that the differentiation of single species within the Psilocybe genus is subject to considerable controversy among eminent taxonomists. For example, there are different methods of distinguishing the Hypholoma genus from the Stropharia genus. The Widespread Distribution of Psilocybe cyanescens While Psilocybe semilanceata is a species that has long been clearly defined and is well known by this name, there are, according to Krieglsteiner, other strongly bluing mushrooms that can be described as belonging to the "Psilocybe cyanescens complex". These are all mushrooms that grow on raw compost and plant debris. In accordance with current states of knowledge, the following names in the literature are merely synonyms for Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield emend. Krieglsteiner: different herbariums. However, the microscopic data pertaining to the Psilocybe species are poorly delineated and oftentimes overlap. It is therefore imperative that additional mycological studies of Psilocybe cyanescens be performed. To this end, fresh mushroom samples from various European locations should be used, and biochemical methods must be included in the investigation. Guzman's division of Psilocybe cyanescens by geographic area, however, definitely turned out to be inaccurate. According to his system, -North Africa was home to Psilocybe mairei, while Psilocybe cyanescens were found in England and Holland and Psilocybe serbica supposedly grew in Serbia and Bohemia. The geographic distribution of the entire species seems to cover a vast area, with variations along climate and terrain at locations where samples were collected. Such disparate morphologies are to be expected when dealing with "young" species, that is, species that have not yet firmly established themselves and are still expanding into new locations. Figure 7 (p. 14) displays locations in Europe and North Africa where samples of Psilocybe cyanescens have been found. - Hypholoma cyanescens R. Maire - Hypholoma coprinifacies (Rolland ss. Herink) Pouzar - Geophila cyanescens (R. Maire) Kuhner & Romagnesi - Psilocybe serbica Moser & Horak - Psilocybe mairei Singer - Psilocyb INTRODUCTION Mind-altering (psilocybine containing) mushrooms have been traditionally used in religious healing and curing ceremonies by native peoples in Mesoamerica for more than 3,000 years. Today, the recreational use of hallucinogenic fungi by Westerners is widespread, especially in various regions of the United States, Canada, Mexico, Caribbean, Great Britain, Europe (especially in the Netherlands), Scandinavia, South America, Southeast Asia, India, Bali, Samoa; Australia and New Zealand. The modern, non-traditional use of hallucinogenic mushrooms has been stimulated, by media reports in newspapers, magazines, word-of-mouth communication, the World Wide Web and Internet, and also by the scholarly and popular journal publications of the renown ethnomycologist R. Gordon Wasson, (Harvard psychologist Timothy Leary, traveler Jeremy Sanford, health guru Andrew Weil, and others (see Allen , Merlin &Jansen, 1991).This field guide reviews the history of both the accidental and purposeful use of psychoactive mushrooms in Australia and New Zealand. Information in this guide has been gathered from personal experiences in Australia by the author and from reports in the scientific literature, news items appearing in the popular press, and personal communications with Australian and New Zealand (NZ) professionals (Unsigned 1970; O'Neill, 1986). </p> </div> </div> <div id="footer"><br /> Webdesign by <a href="http://growset.com/poison_mushroom/" title="Poison Articles Poison" alt="Poison Articles Poison" >Poison Articles Poison</a> / <a href='http://www.brasilbeachhouses.com' alt='brasilbeachhouses' >brasilbeachhouses</a><br><a href='http://www.shayanashop.com/Magic_Mushrooms/ls-Magic_Mushrooms-1024-pm14.aspx' alt='Magic mushrooms' >Magic mushrooms</a><br><a href='http://www.shayanashop.com/Magic_Mushrooms-14-hc.aspx' alt='Magic Shrooms' >Magic Shrooms</a><br> </div> </body>