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<body><div id="container"> <div id="header"><br /> <span class="title"><h1>Fungus </h1></span> </div> <div id="navcontainer"> <ul id="navlist"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/Articles.html">About</a></li> <li><a href="/About.html">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="/Chat.html">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="/Contact.html">About</a></li> <li><a href="/Forum.html"><li><a href="http://growset.com/myspace_shrooms/" title="Myspace Shrooms" alt="Myspace Shrooms" >Myspace Shrooms</a></li><li><a href="http://growset.com/where_to_buy_Psilocybe_semilanceata/Magic_Mushrooms_Botanical_Name.htm" title="Where To Buy Psilocybe Semilanceata Magic Mushrooms Botanical Name" alt="Where To Buy Psilocybe Semilanceata Magic Mushrooms Botanical Name" >Where To Buy Psilocybe Semilanceata Magic Mushrooms Botanical Name</a></li><li><a href="http://growset.com/identifying_shrooms/how_long_do_shrooms_stay_in_your_system.htm" title="Identifying Shrooms How Long Do Shrooms Stay In Your System" 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However, certain aspects concerning the more recent uses of these mushrooms as well as their conditions of growth will receive more detailed attention in later chapters. The main purpose of this book is to inspire further study of these mushrooms, particularly basic research efforts and medical applications of magic mushroom ingredients. The extensive bibliography will help scientists and other interested mycophiles to further immerse themselves in this complex area of study. Jochen Gartz Figure 6 - Bronze doors with mushroom motif entitled "Trial and Judgment" at Hildesheim Cathedral, Germany (ca. 1020). CHAPTER 2 REFLECTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAGIC MUSHROOMS It is remarkable that cultures native to the American continent knew about a relatively large number of natural mind-altering substances compared to early cultures that evolved in Europe or Asia. Botanical evidence does not support the notion that Europe is home to fewer hallucinogenic plants than other regions. Furthermore, the growing number of recently discovered European mushroom species containing psilocybin indicate a flourishing psychotropic mycoflora in Europe similar to those found in other countries. It is unlikely that early European cultures learned less about local plants and mushrooms through usage and experience than cultures elsewhere in the world. Most likely, early cultural knowledge of European psychoactive plants and mushrooms was lost or destroyed at some time in history, probably as early as several hundred years ago. The discovery that the fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was known for its psychoactive properties in Siberia invited the conclusion that this mushroom was used as a psychotropic agent in medieval Europe as well. In fact, there is very little evidence from the Middle Ages to indicate widespread knowledge of the effects of specific mushrooms on human consciousness. However, I believe that past reports on psychoactive mushrooms were causally linked to Amanita muscaria simply because this was the only known psychotropic mushroom in Europe at that time. While the usage of Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated reports of spectacular hallucinations, European accounts of fly agaric intoxications do not generally include descriptions of such intensely hallucinatory effects. Accordingly, the potent hallucinogenic effects of specific Psilocybes and related species are likely to have had a much more significant influence on early European cultures than the delirium-like visions induced by Amanita muscaria, a species that is also known to induce unconsciousness and severe somatic side effects. This hypothesis is corroborated by data from comprehensive field studies conducted in Mexico. I believe that historic accounts including those described below - indicate a knowledge of <b>To Mushroom Mailed To Mushroom</b> As they say, ʼTis &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#101&#97&#115&#111&#110 &#116&#111 &#98&#101 &#112&#105&#99&#107&#105&#110&#103&#700&#44 but <a href="http://growset.com/magic_mushroom_statistics.htm" title="Magic Mushroom Statistics" alt="Magic Mushroom Statistics" >Magic Mushroom Statistics</a> make <p align="left"> &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#102&#97&#109&#105&#108&#105&#97&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 that is most likely derived &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 related species, &#114&#97&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#97&#110&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97 &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 it is extremely difficult to reject &#111&#114 &#99&#111&#110&#102&#105&#114&#109 &#116&#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#104&#121&#112&#111&#116&#104&#101&#115&#105&#115&#44 &#100&#117&#101 &#116&#111 the lack of conclusive &#100&#97&#116&#97&#13&#10&#97&#118&#97&#105&#108&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#97&#110&#97&#108&#121&#115&#105&#115 &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121&#46&#13&#10&#66&#119&#121&#100 Ellylon: A Feast of Fairies in Celebration of the Spirit World Tales &#111&#102 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 have found their way into the realm of myths &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#108&#101&#103&#101&#110&#100&#115&#46 &#70&#111&#114 &#105&#110&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#44 &#111&#110&#101 legend &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#101&#115 &#97&#13&#10&#112&#101&#99&#117&#108&#105&#97&#114 &#112&#111&#105&#115&#111&#110&#111&#117&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#110 Wales (British Isles) with the strange name of Bwyd Ellylon, which was considered a delicacy &#98&#121 &#102&#97&#105&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#102&#101&#97&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#105&#110 &#99&#101&#108&#101&#98&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 of &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 &#119&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 is the most important psilocybincontaining mushroom in Europe and it thrives in parts &#111&#102 <a href="http://growset.com/shop_for_hallucinogens_mushrooms_in_italy/Magic_Mushrooms_cow.htm" title="In Mushrooms Mushrooms Hallucinogens For Hallucinogens In Mushrooms Mushrooms" alt="In Mushrooms Mushrooms Hallucinogens For Hallucinogens In Mushrooms Mushrooms" >In Mushrooms Mushrooms Hallucinogens For Hallucinogens In Mushrooms Mushrooms</a> &#71&#114&#101&#97&#116 &#66&#114&#105&#116&#97&#105&#110&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 the mushroom grows abundantly all across &#116&#104&#101 &#87&#101&#108&#115&#104 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#121&#115&#105&#100&#101 &#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#102&#97&#108&#108 &#115&#101&#97&#115&#111&#110&#46&#13&#10&#73 would like to thank G. Samorini for pointing out that the Inquisition was unusually cruel &#97&#110&#100 &#118&#105&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 Alpine &#118&#97&#108&#108&#101&#121&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#86&#97&#108&#99&#97&#109&#111&#110&#105&#99&#97&#44 &#86&#97&#108&#116&#114&#111&#109&#112&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 Valtellina (located in the provinces of Brescia and Sandrio in Northern Italy).<br> Many books chronicle countless witch burnings in that &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114&#13&#10&#101&#109&#112&#104&#97&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 <b>Effects Of Pluteus Salicinus</b> witches' meetings at the "Monte del &#84&#111&#110&#97&#108&#101&#34&#44 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#97&#116 &#97&#110 altitude of 2000 m &#40&#99&#97&#46&#13&#10&#54&#44&#48&#48&#48 &#102&#116&#41&#46 &#70&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 has &#115&#104&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 nightshade family &#40&#34&#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#105&#110&#103 &#104&#101&#114&#98&#115&#34&#41 &#100&#111 &#110&#111&#116&#13&#10&#103&#114&#111&#119 &#97&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 altitude; even the fly agaric mushroom is rarely found there.<br> &#66&#121 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#97&#115&#116&#44 &#112&#97&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#105&#110 the area &#97&#98&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 during the fall. Given this historical context, &#105&#116 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100&#13&#10&#115&#101&#101&#109 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#116&#104&#97&#116 Psilocybe semilanceata played an important role as &#97&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#97&#103&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 region (see Figure 58, Chapter 7.4). In &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116 &#111&#102 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#101&#118&#97&#108 &#97&#99&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#115 &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 practice of &#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#99&#114&#97&#102&#116&#44 &#105&#116 &#105&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103 to note that a subjective sensation of flying or &#108&#101&#118&#105&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#115&#13&#10&#97&#109&#111&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110&#108&#121 reported effects of psilocybin intoxication. Berserk Rage &#111&#102 &#78&#111&#114&#100&#105&#99 &#87&#97&#114&#114&#105&#111&#114&#115&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#114&#115&#101 of the ideological &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#115&#116&#114&#117&#103&#103&#108&#101 &#98&#101&#116&#119&#101&#101&#110 &#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121 &#97&#110&#100 the remnants of pagan &#114&#101&#108&#105&#103&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#119&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#100 &#78&#97&#116&#117&#114&#101&#44 many sources of knowledge were lost. The &#97&#103&#103&#114&#101&#115&#115&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#112&#114&#101&#115&#115&#105&#111&#110 &#97&#110&#100 &#101&#114&#97&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 pre-Christian customs all but destroyed the &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#117&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#39&#115 &#111&#114&#105&#103&#105&#110&#97&#108 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 heritage, along with much &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#105&#99 &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#100&#111&#99&#117&#109&#101&#110&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 cultural practices, including the usage of plants and mushrooms for the purpose &#111&#102 &#116&#101&#109&#112&#111&#114&#97&#114&#121&#13&#10&#97&#108&#116&#101&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46&#13&#10&#83&#111&#109&#101 authors went so far as to blame the fly agaric mushroom for proverbial fits &#111&#102 &#34&#98&#101&#114&#115&#101&#114&#107&#13&#10&#114&#97&#103&#101&#34 &#97&#116&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#111 Nordic warriors. &#77&#97&#110&#121 &#97&#99&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#115&#13&#10&#100&#101&#116&#97&#105&#108&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#112&#104&#101&#110&#111&#109&#101&#110&#111&#110 allude to &#97 &#34&#100&#101&#99&#101&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#121&#101&#115&#34 (i.e. visual hallucinations). After the Nordic legal system banished the &#112&#114&#97&#99&#116&#105&#99&#101 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#34&#103&#111&#105&#110&#103 &#98&#101&#114&#115&#101&#114&#107&#34&#44 &#105&#116 disappeared quite suddenly during the 12th century. At about the same time, Saxo Grammaticus speculated that the &#66&#101&#114&#115&#101&#114&#107&#101&#114&#115&#13&#10&#109&#97&#121 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#109&#97&#103 </p> ure of Psilocybe semilanceata (with sclerotia formation). Figure 48 - Inocybe aeruginascens on grassy soil Figure 49 - Psilocybe cubensis on horse manure and rice. portions of mycelia whose texture is somewhat like wool. The kind of viruses known to appear in champignon cultures - where they have already caused a lot of damage - have so far not been found in cultures of the Psilocybe and Panaeolus species. It is safe to say that we currently know a great deal about the nutritional requirements of Psilocybe cubensis. To a lesser extent, such information is available about other species as well. Armed with this knowledge, future researchers may well discover new insights into physiology of these species, as well as the biochemical changes that occur during fruiting. In my experiments, it has already been established that the process of differentiation whereby mycelia are transformed into sclerotia or fruiting bodies is linked to increased production of psilocybin as well as psilocin, especially in Psilocybe cubensis. Due to the relatively complex methodology and the type of equipment needed to isolate and maintain sterile cultures, it appears unlikely that cultivation of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms by laypersons will significantly heighten the mushroom's popularity or widen its area of distribution anytime soon. However, since the early 1980s, growing numbers of mycophiles in North America and Europe have successfully used "natural outdoor cultivation" to fruit Psilocybe cyanescens and similar species. This process involves selection of natural wood substrates striated with mycelia (rhizomorphs) that usually turn blue in response to handling. The mycelia are then transferred onto fresh wood chips or commercial mulch (not from cedar trees). After several months of growth, the mycelia fruit during the fall season. Figure 50 - Surface culture of Inocybe aeruginascens on a liquid nutrient medium. Figure 51 - Panaeolus subbalteatus on cow dung and rice. Figure 52 - Psilocybe cubensis on wet newspaper. CHAPTER 7 PSYCHOTROPIC MUSHROOM SPECIES AROUND THE WORLD Figure 53 - Psilocybe cubensis on compost. Figure 54 - Psilocybe stuntzii (grasslands variety) from British Columbia. Figure 55 - Giant mushroom sculpture from Kerala, India. There is considerable debate among experts about the significance and purpose of the sculpture. Figure 56 - Magic mushrooms & water buffalo t-shirt from Thailand, designed for the Western tourist market. CHAPTER 7.1 SPOTLIGHT ON NORTH AMERICA AND HAWAII In 1961, V.E. Tyler became the first investigator to report the detection of psilocybin in Psilocybe pelliculosa (Smith) Singer & Smith, a North American mushroom species. One year later, two research groups, working independently, discovered psilocybin, as well as psilocin, in samples of Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & Smith from the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Additional chemical and taxonomic findin </p> <h3>magic mushroom grow kits</h3> <p> e creek on wood chips of Carpinus, Alnus and Salix, on raw compost mixtures of Picea, Pinus and Larix needles, as Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Figure 21 - Fruiting curve of Psilocybe cyanescens based on observations at several locations in the former Czechoslovakia. The mycelia make use of different kinds of plant debris and even grow on wet cardboard, where they develop into rhizomorphs just like they would in nature. Rhizomorphs are thick strands of mycelia that serve to transport nutrients and water. They also develop intense blue stains (see Figure 22). Figure 23 Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens in Germany and adjacent areas (according to Krieglsteiner). Locations are indicated by black dots. Figure 22 Psilocybe bohemica rhizomorphs growing on wet cardboard. Figure 24 - Psilocybe cyanescens at a natural location (USA). Figure 25 - Psilocybe bohemica on twigs and leaves. Impressive Experiences Psilocybe bohemica is a very psychoactive species. Its effects are vividly documented in the following account of one natural scientist's experience as part of controlled clinical trials in Prague: About 30 mg of psilocybin in mushroom tissue was prepared in hot water, with effects already noticeable ten minutes after ingestion. I grew increasingly quiet. At first, my legs began to tingle, then my underarms as well. Aside from a deeper breathing rhythm, few other somatic effects were noted. Initially there were fits of laughter caused by unusual cognitive associations; this laughter also affected the two "sober" guides. A growing hyperacuity interfered with the ability to listen to music, so that Vivaldi's "Springtime" caused painful stabs inside the brain. I compared the pain to that caused by a "sawing knife". The experimenters appeared bloated and yellow... Existing bodily characteristics, such as thinning hair stimulated a person's illusionary transformation into a monk with tonsure. Their voices also appeared reverent and, from a somewhat paranoid point of view, these gentlemen at times seemed to be working a switching station that, for some reasons, was my enemy. At the same time, I found both of them to be quite likeable. During this time period, the other female subject perceived fantastic images of moving colors and saw visions of her whole life unfolding behind closed eyes. During this period, I had the distinct impression that an electrical current was flowing through my body, which was not an uncomfortable sensation. About three hours later, the gentlemen retired to the kitchen and the nature of the experience changed quite drastically. At first I felt as if my legs were increasingly merging into the wall, a very comfortable experience. In a state of utter clarity of consciousness, I finally felt as if I had no body at all. I said. "The most descriptive expression is the experience of a pure soul". Using words as triggers, we were able to induce shared experiences o <p align="center"> The &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107 &#116&#111 &#97&#114&#114&#105&#118&#101 in Australia <a href="http://growset.com/Eminems/Mushroomss_Habitat.htm" title="Eminems Mushroomss Habitat" alt="Eminems Mushroomss Habitat" >Eminems Mushroomss Habitat</a> were brought from &#116&#104&#101 &#67&#97&#112&#101 &#111&#102 &#71&#111&#111&#100 Hope in </p> This document provides complete directions for cultivating psilocybin JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for &#67&#104&#97&#108&#108&#101&#110&#103&#105&#110&#103 &#82&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#86&#97&#108&#117&#101 &#83&#121&#115&#116&#101&#109&#115&#13&#10&#42 &#76&#73&#83 PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color &#80&#97&#105&#110&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97&#13&#10&#40&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#44 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On &#65 &#83&#117&#98&#106&#101&#99&#116 &#84&#111 &#71&#111 To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#72&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#97&#110&#100 Scientific Study of Magic <a href="http://growset.com/mushroom_chair.htm" title="Chair Gallery Chair" alt="Chair Gallery Chair" >Chair Gallery Chair</a> Mushrooms 10 3.<br> &#84&#104&#101 &#67&#117&#114&#114&#101&#110&#116 &#83&#116&#97&#116&#101 &#111&#102 Knowledge About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: The Classic Species Among European Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.2 Psilocybe &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#58 &#80&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#71&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103 on Wood &#68&#101&#98&#114&#105&#115 &#50&#57&#13&#10&#51&#46&#51 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115&#58 Mycology and Myths about the &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#51&#55&#13&#10&#51&#46&#52 &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 aeruginascens: &#70&#97&#115&#116&#45&#83&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#78&#101&#119 &#65&#114&#114&#105&#118&#97&#108&#115 &#52&#52&#13&#10&#51&#46&#53 Gymnopilus &#112&#117&#114&#112&#117&#114&#97&#116&#117&#115&#58 &#77&#97&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#101&#110&#116 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 South America 51 3.<br>6 Conocybe cyanopus: Tiny Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency &#53&#53&#13&#10&#51&#46&#55 &#80&#108&#117&#116&#101&#117&#115 &#115&#97&#108&#105&#99&#105&#110&#117&#115&#58 &#65 Little-known Wood-Inhabiting Species &#53&#56&#13&#10&#52&#46 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#73&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#58 &#84&#97&#120&#111&#110&#111&#109&#105&#99 Confusion and the &#80&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#111&#114 &#68&#101&#97&#100&#108&#121 &#77&#105&#115&#116&#97&#107&#101&#115 61 5. The Bluing Phenomenon and &#77&#101&#116&#111&#108 &#84&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#58 &#82&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121 &#118&#115&#46 &#87&#105&#115&#104&#102&#117&#108 Thinking <i>Brooms</i> 63 6. Mushroom Cultivation: Classic &#70&#105&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#101&#119 &#84&#101&#99&#104&#110&#105&#113&#117&#101&#115 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species &#65&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#55&#55&#13&#10&#55&#46&#49 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 &#77&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#97 &#105&#110 &#67&#101&#110&#116&#114&#97&#108 &#97&#110&#100 South America <i>Magic Mushroom Pictures</i> 82 7.<br>3 Australia's Mycoflora Attracts Attention 84 7.4 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#67&#117&#115&#116&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#67&#111&#110&#118&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#67&#117&#108&#116 &#105&#110 &#65&#102&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#57&#53&#13&#10&#55&#46&#55 Usage in &#83&#111&#117&#116&#104&#101&#97&#115&#116 &#65&#115&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 South Pacific Islands &#57&#56&#13&#10&#56&#46 &#83&#111&#109&#101 &#67&#111&#109&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#111&#110 Effects of Mushrooms from the Category Phantastika 102 9.<br> Psychotherapy 108 10.<br> Outlook 114 11.<br> Bibliography 120 Index 129 Figure 2 - Psilocybe cubensis &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#51 &#45 Water color painting of &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 &#40&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#44 &#49&#57&#50&#55&#41&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 4 - Fresh Panaeolus subbalteatus mushrooms. FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when the first &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#101&#109&#101&#114&#103&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 shadows of prehistory &#116&#111 &#101&#110&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116 of &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46&#13&#10&#78&#111&#98&#111&#100&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#115 &#119&#104&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 first magic mushroom was eaten &#98&#121 &#97 &#104&#117&#109&#97&#110 &#98&#101&#105&#110&#103&#46 &#78&#111&#98&#111&#100&#121 knows just who &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 eater was. In seeking &#97&#110&#115&#119&#101&#114&#115 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#113&#117&#101&#115&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 &#119&#101 can only speculate.<br> &#77&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#111&#98&#101&#115&#44 &#104&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#97&#114&#101 &#113&#117&#105&#99&#107 to voice their conviction &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#97 &#102&#111&#111&#108 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 be reckless enough to want &#116&#111 &#97&#116&#116&#97&#105&#110 &#97 &#104&#105&#103&#104&#101&#114 &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#13&#10&#111&#102 consciousness beyond the boundaries of everyday <H3>psilocybin mushroom grow kit</H3> reality. &#65&#110&#100 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#97 &#102&#111&#111&#108 would attempt to do &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#98&#121 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 odd &#108&#105&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#109&#121&#115&#116&#101&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115&#108&#121 &#116&#104&#114&#105&#118&#101 on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms &#104&#97&#118&#101&#13&#10&#98&#101&#101&#110 &#102&#101&#97&#114&#101&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#104&#97&#116&#101&#100&#96 since antiquity: magic mushrooms were thought to be made from poisons that had &#100&#114&#105&#112&#112&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#115&#101&#114&#112&#101&#110&#116&#115&#39 &#102&#97&#110&#103&#115&#59&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#121 were considered to be unclean emissions &#111&#102&#13&#10&#101&#118&#105&#108 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116&#115&#59 &#109&#111&#114&#101&#111&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were a kn , and who gorge themselves on our tax dollars. I met Jochen Gartz shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall at the third symposium of the European College for the Study of Consciousness (ECSC) in Freiburg, Germany. Our encounter was my first contact with a researcher from the former East Germany. Jochen Gartz's enthusiastic lecture was a truly consciousnessexpanding event, his words breaking down traditional borders and crossing over into new territory. The magic mushrooms spoke through him - with no trace of dogma or ideology - in the tradition of true anarchy that is the hallmark of mushroom magic. What I heard was unbelievable. Jochen spoke of a "new" psychedelic mushroom and its migration. The mycelia had spread in concentric circles outward from Leipzig, jumping all political borders. Finally, when the mycelia reached West German soil, the hated Berlin Wall crumbled. Could there possibly be a connection between the evolution of the magic mushroom and the evolution of our consciousness? Could a mushroom have contributed to the resolution of our political conflicts? In the past, politicians, even popes, had their own jesters and magicians, who functioned as pressure release valves in the machinations of political power struggles. It is obvious that a country whose chancellor is being pelted with eggs, urgently needs a new breed of magician who are able to readjust reality. But today, no aspiring magician should go about this task without this book as a guide for the wondrous journey into the realm of magic mushrooms. Christian Rdtsch Figure 5 - "Anthropomorphic Beings Engaged in Mushroom Dance" 10,000-year-old rock drawing in Tassili, Sahara (Algeria) CHAPTER 1 I BELIEVE THE TIME HAS COME FOR A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF NEW FINDINGS FROM THE FIELDS OF MYCOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY When R.G. Wasson, R. Heim and A. Hofmann began their interdisciplinary research program to study the Mexican species of mushrooms and their usage in Mexican mushroom cults, their efforts culminated in a 1958 landmark report that described the isolation, molecular structure and synthesis of the mushrooms' active ingredients: psilocybin and psilocin. Several years later, these substances were also identified in a species of mushroom in Europe, Psilocybe semilanceata, which became the first in a series of newly discovered species. Since then, psychoactive mushrooms from other genera have been reported with increasing frequency. As part of my analytical work dedicated to the identification of naturally occurring chemicals, I had the good fortune to be part of a research team that studied alkaloids found in a variety of mushroom species. Now I believe the time has come for a comprehensive review of new findings from the fields of mycology, taxonomy and natural products chemistry. Wasson and his successors have already provided detailed accounts pertaining to the history and study of the Me JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color Painting of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On A Subject To Go To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections on the History and Scientific Study of Magic Mushrooms 10 3. The Current State of Knowledge About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: The Classic Species Among European Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.2 Psilocybe cyanescens: Potent Mushrooms Growing on Wood Debris 29 3.3 Panaeolus subbalteatus: Mycology and Myths about the Panaeolus Species 37 3.4 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New Arrivals 44 3.5 Gymnopilus purpuratus: Magnificent Mushrooms from South America 51 3.6 Conocybe cyanopus: Tiny Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known Wood-Inhabiting Species 58 4. Mushroom Identification: Taxonomic Confusion and the Potential for Deadly Mistakes 61 5. The Bluing Phenomenon and Metol Testing: Reality vs. Wishful Thinking 63 6. Mushroom Cultivation: Classic Findings and New Techniques 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species Around the World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 Mycophilia in Central and South America 82 7.3 Australia's Mycoflora Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known Mushroom Cult in Africa 95 7.7 Usage in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Islands 98 8. Some Comments on Effects of Mushrooms from the Category Phantastika 102 9. Psychotherapy 108 10. Outlook 114 11. Bibliography 120 Index 129 Figure 2 - Psilocybe cubensis from Australia Figure 3 - Water color painting of Panaeolus subbalteatus (Germany, 1927). Figure 4 - Fresh Panaeolus subbalteatus mushrooms. FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when the first magic mushroom emerged from the shadows of prehistory to enter the light of consciousness. Nobody knows when the first magic mushroom was eaten by a human being. Nobody knows just who the first magic mushroom eater was. In seeking answers to these questions, we can only speculate. Mycophobes, however, are quick to voice their conviction that only a fool would be reckless enough to want to attain a higher state of consciousness beyond the boundaries of everyday reality. And only a fool would attempt to do this by ingesting those odd little things that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms have been feared and hated` since antiquity: magic mushrooms were thought to be made from poisons that had dripped from serpents' fangs; they were considered to be unclean emissions of evil spirits; moreover, mushrooms were a kn Most recreational users of Psilocybe cubensis (when grown in vitro) require a dosage of 1 to 2 gm of dried mushrooms to produce an altered state of consciousness; a clinical dosage for Psilocybe cubensis, on the other hand, had previously been reported as ranging from 3 to 5 gm of dried material. This dosage would be comparable to the amount of fungal material consumed for religious purposes in a Mazatec Indian healing and curing ceremony. In 1982, one research team "found that the level of psilocybin and psilocin varies over a factor of 4 among various in vitro cultures of Psilocybe cubensis, while specimens from outdoors varied tenfold." A fresh dosage of Psilocybe cubensis in Australia would be approximately from 1 to 2 large mushrooms weighing up to as much as one fresh ounce, or as many as from 25 to 50 small mushrooms equaling the same weight amount. Ethnopharmacologist Jonathan Ott (1976, 1993) noted that he has observed "the ingestion of from 0.5 gm to 5.9 gm dried weight (10 gm to 40 gm fresh)", of various species of Psilocybe. Dosage for Psilocybe subcubensis would be the same as for Psilocybe cubensis. Both of these latter two species are macroscopically alike. The usual dosage for Copelandia cyanescens required to induce psychedelic visual effects ranges from 1 to 3 large specimens (cap diameter c. 5 mm), or as many as 5 to l0 medium-sized mushrooms (cap diameter c. 2.5 mm); however, personal tolerance to this species may occur with continued use, and some who consume large amounts of this mushroom have reportedly ingested as many as 50 to 200 fresh specimens of various sizes. &#13&#10&#77&#97&#99&#114&#111&#115&#99&#111&#112&#105&#99&#97&#108&#108&#121&#44 &#105&#116 &#105&#115 extremely difficult &#116&#111&#13&#10&#100&#105&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#117&#105&#115&#104 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97&#46 Unlike the latter species, &#104&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#112&#101&#108&#108&#105&#99&#117&#108&#111&#115&#97&#13&#10&#119&#105&#108&#108 &#103&#114&#111&#119 &#105&#110 forests &#111&#110 &#119&#111&#111&#100 &#99&#104&#105&#112&#115 &#97&#110&#100 sawdust. Beug &#97&#110&#100 &#66&#105&#103&#119&#111&#111&#100 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#97&#98&#108&#101 to furnish analytical &#112&#114&#111&#111&#102 &#105&#110 &#115&#117&#112&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#111&#102 the claim that Psilocybe pelliculosa is &#119&#101&#97&#107&#101&#114 &#105&#110 &#105&#116&#115 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 than comparable species. Psilocybe pelliculosa &#99&#111&#110&#116&#97&#105&#110&#115 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#51&#48&#45&#53&#48&#37 &#111&#102 the amount of psilocybin &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 (slang names: Blue wavy, Cyan, &#71&#114&#97&#110&#100&#111&#116&#101&#41&#44 &#97 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110 &#97&#99&#114&#111&#115&#115 the &#80&#97&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#119&#101&#115&#116&#46 &#73&#116 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#115&#13&#10&#112&#114&#105&#109&#97&#114&#105&#108&#121 in &#112&#97&#114&#107&#115&#44 &#102&#111&#114&#109&#105&#110&#103 &#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#97&#105&#114&#121 rings. This species did not become popular among users &#117&#110&#116&#105&#108 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#105&#100&#45&#49&#57&#55&#48&#115&#46 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 still fruits most <u>Rooms</u> abundantly in the fall. A New &#80&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 shayanashop "legal in france?" &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#84&#114&#105&#112&#115 as &#97 &#80&#111&#112&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#83&#112&#111&#114&#116&#13&#10&#83&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#97&#100&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 Psilocybe species have been found in the Pacific Northwest, even though the taxonomic classification of most of these species remains inadequate, &#100&#101&#115&#112&#105&#116&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#97&#99&#116 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#109&#111&#110&#111&#103&#114&#97&#112&#104&#115 such as &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#98&#121 &#80&#46 &#83&#116&#97&#109&#101&#116&#115 offer quite detailed descriptions of the psychotropic mycoflora. In the &#109&#105&#100&#45&#49&#57&#55&#48&#115&#44 &#71&#117&#122&#109&#97&#110 &#97&#110&#100 &#79&#116&#116&#13&#10&#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 a rather spectacular event concerning &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#111&#102 &#97 &#34&#110&#101&#119&#34 mushroom species. During the fall &#111&#102 &#49&#57&#55&#50&#44 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101 shayanashop "legal in france?" &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 of a &#115&#116&#114&#111&#110&#103&#108&#121 &#98&#108&#117&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#103&#105&#108&#108&#101&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#119&#105&#116&#104 a distinct ring pattern were found at &#116&#104&#101 &#85&#110&#105&#118&#101&#114&#115&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#102 &#87&#97&#115&#104&#105&#110&#103&#116&#111&#110 in Seattle. The fruiting bodies &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#110 bark mulch, which came from a central distribution point &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#104&#97&#100 &#98&#101&#101&#110 spread widely across &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#97&#109&#112&#117&#115 &#98&#121 &#103&#97&#114&#100&#101&#110&#101&#114&#115&#46 &#68&#117&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 bluing reaction, students at the university assumed that the mushroom contained psilocybin, a &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#102 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#119&#97&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#102&#105&#114&#109&#101&#100 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#111&#110&#46 The sudden appearance of massive numbers of fruiting bodies quickly inspired students at the university to use &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#115 &#97 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#46&#13&#10&#73&#110 my <a href="http://growset.com/psilocybe_caerulipes.htm" title="Caerulipes Archives Caerulipes" alt="Caerulipes Archives Caerulipes" >Caerulipes Archives Caerulipes</a> opinion, it is still uncertain if the mushroom really appeared spontaneously, or whether it &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#101&#100 &#111&#110 &#98&#97&#114&#107 &#100&#101&#98&#114&#105&#115 &#115&#105&#109&#112&#108&#121 because the substance &#104&#97&#100 &#112&#114&#101&#118&#105&#111&#117&#115&#108&#121 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#109&#105&#120&#101&#100 with spawn derived &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#98&#111&#100&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 originated elsewhere. In any case, in 1976, the mushrooms were named Psilocybe stuntzii Guzman &#38 &#79&#116&#116 &#40&#115&#108&#97&#110&#103&#13&#10&#110&#97&#109&#101&#58 &#34&#98&#108&#117&#101 veil" &#111&#114 &#34&#115&#116&#117&#110&#116&#122&#101&#101&#115&#34&#44 &#40&#115&#101&#101 &#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101&#115 54 and &#55&#49&#41&#46 &#84&#111&#100&#97&#121&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 can &#98&#101 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#111&#110 &#98&#97&#114&#107 and on lawns &#105&#110 &#112&#97&#114&#107&#115&#44 &#111&#110 &#103&#111&#108&#102 courses, football fields and &#103&#97&#114&#100&#101&#110&#115 &#105&#110 &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 &#115&#111 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#105&#116 is considered the second most &#105&#109&#112&#111&#114&#116&#97&#110&#116 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#13&#10&#105&#110 &#116&#101&#114&#109&#115 &#111&#102 usage, after Psilocybe semilanceata. In addition, Panaeolus subbalteatus is &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#13&#10&#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#109&#112&#111&#114&#116&#97&#110&#116 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 (slang name: "red cap"), even though its users believe it to be slightly more &#112&#111&#105&#115&#111&#110&#111&#117&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 Still, the mushroom is used quite frequently, because it begins &#116&#111 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116 &#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#115&#112&#114&#105&#110&#103&#46 The Psilocybe species, &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#104&#97&#110&#100&#44 &#100&#111&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116 &#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114 until fall &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#117&#101 &#116&#111 &#103&#114&#111&#119 &#105&#110&#116&#111 early winter, when &#116&#101&#109&#112&#101&#114&#97&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#115&#116&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#100&#114&#111&#112 &#98&#101&#108&#111&#119&#13&#10&#102&#114&#101&#101&#122&#105&#110&#103&#44 which inhibits further fruiting &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101 </p> <h3>Pluteus salicinus @ 3/12/2010 8:05:49 AM</h3> <p> </p> <p> n the U.S.) contribute to the therapeutic process; they may even be the sole source for future progress. Under these conditions, stereo music also significantly deepened the intensity of the experience. It appears that these kinds of specific experiences may also account for the remarkable success of treating terminal patients with LSD to ease their fears in the face of death and to reduce even the most severe forms of pain. In many such cases, symptoms disappeared entirely, and relief from pain and anxiety that continued even after the drug's acute effects had worn off. A book by S. Grof provides a compassionate analysis of such successful treatments, which serves to underscore the fact that systematic efforts to investigate these particular therapeutic benefits have only just begun. So far, LSD has been the most widely studied substance in terms of easing the suffering of terminally ill patients, as well as dipropyltryptamine (DPT), a synthetic drug structurally similar to psilocybin that is active only when administered by injection. Below, a young woman from Switzerland gives a detailed account of her second mushroom experience. Her first experiment, with Psilocybe cubensis, had already introduced her to the realm of mystical experiences. For her second journey, she used 20 Psilocybe semilanceata mushrooms as part of a group ritual and achieved transcendence. A remarkable feature of her account is that the presence of an experienced guide was needed to realize the full potential of this visionary quest. "1 sat down next to another participant, seeking to connect with others in preparation for my journey. We proceeded to eat the fresh mushrooms. The room grew quiet and lovely music began to play. The mushrooms's effects came on much faster than they did during my first experiment. Twice I tried to establish closer contact with my fellow participant, but he was very nervous, and no source of reassurance for me. I was seeking my spiritual companion, but did not find that person among the present group. I became a figure in a long, white robe, wandering aimlessly among the columns (Greece?), still searching. My gaze lingered briefly on the wall next to the door and I saw faces and figures appear and vanish, but they did not hold my interest. It was hopeless. I continued my aimless roaming, and I was on the material plane, which I wanted to leave - had to leave. Suddenly, I found myself with one of the guides, who wanted to help me. I stared off into the distance, longing to be free of the material plane, but unable to do so. For a long time, I failed to connect with the guide; our two worlds were just too different. Suddenly I sensed that he wasn't able to look at me directly. The path by which to reach me runs through my eyes, because only they are truly alive. I asked him to help me on my way and invited him to look into my eyes. I felt as if all life energy was draining from my bo <p align="right"> More than half of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland and New &#83&#111&#117&#116&#104 &#87&#97&#108&#101&#115&#59 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 20 to 30 inch (500-750mm) rainfall belt of Queensland, New South &#87&#97&#108&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#110 &#86&#105&#99&#116&#111&#114&#105&#97&#44 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 provide adequate climatic environments &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104 &#111&#102 psilocybian mushrooms, especially after heavy &#114&#97&#105&#110&#115&#46 &#73&#116 &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110 suggested &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#34&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#119&#97&#115 introduced into &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#99&#99&#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#98&#121 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 settlers along &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 &#84&#104&#105&#115 same spore &#100&#105&#115&#112&#101&#114&#115&#97&#108 &#109&#101&#99&#104&#97&#110&#105&#115&#109 &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#112&#114&#111&#98&#97&#98&#108&#121 &#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#101&#115 to Copelandia &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 &#97&#110&#100 several additional species known to occur in or around the dung of other ruminants.<br> This includes Psilocybe semilanceata and the non-hallucinogenic "haymaker's" mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii. While cattle are raised in &#97&#108&#108 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#110 &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#115 well as in the central lowlands, recreational users have been known to &#101&#120&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#112&#116&#105&#99 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 to various &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109 areas where they &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#99&#111&#108&#108&#101&#99&#116&#101&#100&#46 &#73&#110 &#116&#104&#101 case of New Zealand, hereafter referred to as NZ, &#99&#97&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#97&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#105&#109&#97&#114&#121 source for Copelandia cyanescens, but &#116&#104&#101 &#34&#108&#105&#98&#101&#114&#116&#121 &#99&#97&#112&#34 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 Psilocybe semilanceata only &#103&#114&#111&#119&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 <a href="http://growset.com/poison_mushroom/" title="Poison Gallery Poison" alt="Poison Gallery Poison" >Poison Gallery Poison</a> &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101&#100 &#115&#111&#105&#108 of four-legged ruminants <a href="http://growset.com/poisonous_mushroom.htm" title="Poisonous Mushroom" alt="Poisonous Mushroom" >Poisonous Mushroom</a> and not directly &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101 &#40&#74&#97&#110&#115&#101&#110&#44 &#80&#101&#114&#115&#46 Comm., 1988). The identification section of this guide documents reported locations for more than &#49 &#100&#111&#122&#101&#110 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 psilocybian mushrooms in Australia &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#90 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#109&#111&#115&#116 likely have been used at one time or another &#102&#111&#114 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#111&#115&#101&#115&#46 </p> <p align="left"> Those who &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 <a href="http://growset.com/buy_Dipropyltryptamine/magic_mushroom_pics/" title="Buy Dipropyltryptamine Magic Mushroom Pics" alt="Buy Dipropyltryptamine Magic Mushroom Pics" >Buy Dipropyltryptamine Magic Mushroom Pics</a> &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#105&#110 </p> <H2>cow dung psilocyde</H2> <p align="left"> &#101&#100&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101 &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 &#111&#102 studies were conducted, primarily with LSD. These investigators sought to discover the receptor binding sites for hallucinogenic compounds in the brain and to understand the mechanisms underlying the genesis of psychedelic visions. Today, we still lack a <a href="http://growset.com/copelandia_cyanescens/drug_shrooms.htm" title="Copelandia Cyanescens Drug Shrooms" alt="Copelandia Cyanescens Drug Shrooms" >Copelandia Cyanescens Drug Shrooms</a> &#115&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#111&#114&#101&#116&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#102&#114&#97&#109&#101&#119&#111&#114&#107 &#97&#98&#108&#101 to explain the relationship between &#99&#104&#101&#109&#105&#99&#97&#108&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#111&#117&#110&#100&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#110&#105&#102&#101&#115&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 of their psychoactivity. Even though basic research &#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#101&#114&#116&#97&#105&#110&#108&#121 &#105&#109&#112&#111&#114&#116&#97&#110&#116&#44 &#105&#116&#115 &#109&#101&#116&#104&#111&#100&#115&#44 unfortunately, &#97&#114&#101&#13&#10&#111&#102&#116&#101&#110 &#97 &#102&#117&#110&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 a rather &#111&#110&#101&#45&#115&#105&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#112&#104&#97&#114&#109&#97&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#97&#112&#112&#114&#111&#97&#99&#104 &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 the effects of psilocybin, &#76&#83&#68 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#101&#115&#99&#97&#108&#105&#110&#101 &#45 an approach that is, in fact, &#116&#111&#111 &#110&#97&#114&#114&#111&#119 &#116&#111 &#97&#100&#100&#114&#101&#115&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#109&#97&#114&#107&#97&#98&#108&#121 &#117&#110&#117&#115&#117&#97&#108 nature of these substances and their effects.<br> Misunderstandings between pharmacologists and &#116&#111&#120&#105&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#110&#101 &#104&#97&#110&#100 and psychiatrists and psychologists &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#99&#97&#110&#13&#10&#111&#102&#116&#101&#110 &#98&#101 traced all the way back to &#116&#104&#101 &#49&#57&#53&#48&#39&#115&#44&#13&#10&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#97 &#108&#101&#103&#97&#99&#121 of disputes &#97&#110&#100 &#97&#114&#103&#117&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#104&#97&#118&#101 &#121&#101&#116 to be resolved.<br> S. &#71&#114&#111&#102 &#117&#110&#100&#101&#114&#116&#111&#111&#107 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#116&#101&#100&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#116&#97&#115&#107 of analyzing 5,000 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#109&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108 &#76&#83&#68&#13&#10&#112&#114&#111&#116&#111&#99&#111&#108&#115 &#105&#110 &#97&#110 effort to isolate "absolute" symptoms that are reported &#111&#114 &#111&#99&#99&#117&#114 &#97&#108&#108 &#111&#102 the time. His &#114&#101&#115&#117&#108&#116&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#110&#101&#103&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#46 &#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103 to Grof, hallucinogenic substances are non-specific triggers causing a sequence of &#97&#108&#116&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#100&#111 &#110&#111&#116 fit &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#121&#110&#100&#114&#111&#109&#101&#13&#10&#108&#97&#98&#101&#108&#101&#100 &#34&#116&#111&#120&#105&#99 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#115&#105&#115&#34&#46 Rather, it &#105&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#105&#110&#100&#105&#118&#105&#100&#117&#97&#108&#39&#115 &#112&#101&#114&#115&#111&#110&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121&#44 &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 with &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#109&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108 &#115&#101&#116&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#115&#105&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#110&#116&#108&#121 shape the nature of &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115 view is shared &#98&#121 &#97 &#109&#97&#106&#111&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#102 experts with considerable experience in conducting psychedelics-assisted psychotherapy. Even "real" somatic symptoms, such &#97&#115 &#110&#97&#117&#115&#101&#97 &#111&#114 &#118&#111&#109&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103&#44 can often be controlled through &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#118&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#101&#99&#104&#110&#105&#113&#117&#101&#115&#13&#10&#97&#100&#109&#105&#110&#105&#115&#116&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#116&#114&#97&#105&#110&#101&#100 professionals.<br> A Plethora of Names The broad range &#111&#102 &#112&#111&#115&#115&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101&#115&#13&#10&#105&#110&#115&#112&#105&#114&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101 use of &#108&#97&#98&#101&#108&#115 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#97&#110&#13&#10&#34&#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#115&#34&#44 &#119&#105&#116&#104 widely &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#115&#101&#109&#97&#110&#116&#105&#99&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#110&#111&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#58 &#101&#110&#116&#104&#101&#111&#103&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99&#115&#44&#13&#10&#105&#108&#108&#117&#115&#105&#111&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#115&#44 psycholytics, psychomimetics, psychodysleptica, psychoemetics and others.<br> "Phantastica" &#40&#76&#101&#119&#105&#110&#41 &#105&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#108&#100&#101&#115&#116 label ever used to describe this class of substances. This term successfully evokes &#100&#114&#101&#97&#109&#45&#108&#105&#107&#101&#44 &#102&#97&#110&#99&#105&#102&#117&#108&#13&#10&#97&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 experience, as well as the potential for euphoric &#97&#110&#100 &#100&#121&#115&#112&#104&#111&#114&#105&#99 &#101&#109&#111&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#111&#118&#101&#114&#116&#111&#110&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#77&#111&#114&#101 recent terminology often says more about semantic biases of those who use the labels than about any factual, objective characteristics of the alkaloids they refer to. &#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103&#108&#121&#44 &#111&#102&#102&#105&#99&#105&#97&#108 &#97&#110&#116&#105&#100&#114&#117&#103&#13&#10&#112&#114&#111&#112&#97&#103&#97&#110&#100&#97 &#115&#105&#110&#99&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 1960's &#104&#97&#115 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#97&#114&#97&#103&#101&#100 &#34&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99&#115&#34 &#97&#115&#13&#10&#101&#120&#99&#101&#115&#115&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 glamorous and too positive a label, as the term was popular among &#84&#105&#109&#111&#116&#104&#121 &#76&#101&#97&#114&#121&#39&#115 &#102&#97&#110&#115&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#115&#117&#112&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#114&#115&#46&#13&#10&#87&#104&#101&#110 used in low doses or for the first time, these substances &#97&#114&#101 &#109&#111&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#116&#111 bring about a kind of magical transformation of surroundings, with a heightened ability to &#112&#101&#114&#99&#101&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#115&#117&#98&#116&#108&#101 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#99&#101&#115 <a href="http://growset.com/belgium/cow_dung_mushies.htm" title="Belgium Cow Dung Mushies" alt="Belgium Cow Dung Mushies" >Belgium Cow Dung Mushies</a> &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 color spectru </p> <div align="left"> xican mushroom species, so that these &#109&#97&#116&#101&#114&#105&#97&#108&#115 &#110&#101&#101&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#98&#101 repeated in this context. However, certain &#97&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#114&#101 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116 uses &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#115 well as their conditions of growth will receive &#109&#111&#114&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#116&#97&#105&#108&#101&#100 &#97&#116&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#110 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114 chapters.<br> The main purpose of this <a href="http://growset.com/identifying_shrooms/how_long_do_shrooms_stay_in_your_system.htm" title="Identifying Shrooms How Long Do Shrooms Stay In Your System" alt="Identifying Shrooms How Long Do Shrooms Stay In Your System" >Identifying Shrooms How Long Do Shrooms Stay In Your System</a> book is to inspire further study &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#44&#13&#10&#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#98&#97&#115&#105&#99 research efforts &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#108&#13&#10&#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#101&#120&#116&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#98&#105&#98&#108&#105&#111&#103&#114&#97&#112&#104&#121 &#119&#105&#108&#108 help scientists and other interested mycophiles to further immerse themselves in this complex &#97&#114&#101&#97&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#54 - Bronze &#100&#111&#111&#114&#115 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#109&#111&#116&#105&#102 entitled "Trial and Judgment" at Hildesheim Cathedral, Germany &#40&#99&#97&#46 &#49&#48&#50&#48&#41&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 &#50&#13&#10&#82&#69&#70&#76&#69&#67&#84&#73&#79&#78&#83 &#79&#78 THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC &#83&#84&#85&#68&#89 &#79&#70 &#77&#65&#71&#73&#67 &#77&#85&#83&#72&#82&#79&#79&#77&#83&#13&#10&#73&#116 is remarkable that &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#110&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97&#110 continent &#107&#110&#101&#119 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#97 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101&#13&#10&#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 of natural mind-altering substances compared to early &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#118&#101&#100 &#105&#110 Europe or Asia. Botanical evidence &#100&#111&#101&#115 &#110&#111&#116 &#115&#117&#112&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116&#105&#111&#110 that Europe is home to fewer hallucinogenic plants &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110&#115&#46 &#70&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#109&#111&#114&#101&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#103&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103 number &#111&#102 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 species containing psilocybin &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 &#97&#13&#10&#102&#108&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#105&#110&#103 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#102&#108&#111&#114&#97 &#105&#110 Europe similar to those found in other &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#105&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 &#117&#110&#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#116&#104&#97&#116 early European cultures learned less about &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 usage and &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#13&#10&#101&#108&#115&#101&#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#110 the world. Most likely, early cultural knowledge &#111&#102 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 and mushrooms was lost or destroyed at some time in history, probably &#97&#115 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#97&#115 &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 hundred years ago. The <a href="http://growset.com/bad_shrooms.htm" title="Bad Shrooms" alt="Bad Shrooms" >Bad Shrooms</a> discovery that the fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was known for its psychoactive properties in Siberia invited &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#119&#97&#115 used as a psychotropic &#97&#103&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#101&#118&#97&#108 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 as well. &#73&#110&#13&#10&#102&#97&#99&#116&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#115 &#118&#101&#114&#121 &#108&#105&#116&#116&#108&#101 evidence from the Middle Ages to &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 of specific mushrooms on &#104&#117&#109&#97&#110&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 that past reports on psychoactive mushrooms were &#99&#97&#117&#115&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#108&#105&#110&#107&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97 &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97 simply &#98&#101&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#119&#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#111&#110&#108&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 psychotropic mushroom in Europe at that &#116&#105&#109&#101&#46&#13&#10&#87&#104&#105&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102 Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#97&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 accounts &#111&#102&#13&#10&#102&#108&#121 &#97&#103&#97&#114&#105&#99 &#105&#110&#116&#111&#120&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#100&#111 not generally include descriptions &#111&#102 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#110&#115&#101&#108&#121 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#111&#114&#121&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103&#108&#121&#44 the potent hallucinogenic effects of specific &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101 likely &#116&#111 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#104&#97&#100 &#97 much more significant influence &#111&#110 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 than &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#108&#105&#114&#105&#117&#109&#45&#108&#105&#107&#101 &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#105&#110&#100&#117&#99&#101&#100 &#98&#121 Amanita muscaria, &#97 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 to induce unconsciousness and severe somatic side &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#105&#115 &#104&#121&#112&#111&#116&#104&#101&#115&#105&#115 &#105&#115 &#99&#111&#114&#114&#111&#98&#111&#114&#97&#116&#101&#100 by data from comprehensive field studies &#99&#111&#110&#100&#117&#99&#116&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#46&#13&#10&#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 historic accounts including those described below &#45 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 &#97 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#111&#102 </div> ecialize in the study &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#115&#44&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#112&#105&#116&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#97&#99&#116 that Psilocybe semilanceata is the most &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110 &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#112&#105&#99&#117&#111&#117&#115 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 among &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#115&#46 &#65&#108&#115&#111&#44 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#108&#111&#118&#101&#114&#115 whose interests are not purely scientific (see Chapter 7.4) do not usually &#112&#114&#101&#115&#101&#114&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#102&#111&#114&#13&#10&#112&#111&#115&#116&#101&#114&#105&#116&#121 in the form of distribution maps. However, there is one &#109&#97&#112 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#49&#57&#56&#54&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104&#13&#10&#115&#104&#111&#119&#115 the &#100&#105&#115&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#112&#97&#116&#116&#101&#114&#110 &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 across &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#40&#115&#101&#101 &#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#50&#48&#44 p. 28). Almost no published information is available about locations where Psilocybe species have been found in eastern Germany.<br> During my own field trips, I have discovered &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#109&#101&#110&#115 &#105&#110 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 locations, &#115&#117&#99&#104&#13&#10&#97&#115 &#110&#101&#97&#114 &#109&#121 &#104&#111&#109&#101&#116&#111&#119&#110 of Mansfeld in the Vorharz Mountains, in the &#109&#97&#114&#115&#104&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115 &#111&#102 &#68&#117&#98&#101&#110 &#97&#115 well as in other &#101&#97&#115&#116&#101&#114&#110 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110 &#109&#97&#114&#115&#104&#108&#97&#110&#100 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115&#46 In addition, friends who are &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101&#13&#10&#116&#111&#108&#100 &#109&#101 about finding the mushrooms &#105&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#13&#10&#112&#97&#114&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 country. A &#98&#111&#111&#107 &#112&#117&#98&#108&#105&#115&#104&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#53&#50 is among the rare sources that includes details &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#109&#101&#110&#115 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 southeastern state of Saxony (see Figure 16, &#112&#46 &#50&#51&#41&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#103&#114&#111&#119 &#109&#111&#115&#116&#13&#10&#97&#98&#117&#110&#100&#97&#110&#116&#108&#121 on &#119&#101&#116 &#112&#97&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#115&#117&#114&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100&#101&#100 &#98&#121 forest areas.<br> In my experience, Psilocybe semilanceata grows in most of Germany's forestlands. The species fruits during the fall, from late September through October. It favors acidic &#115&#111&#105&#108 &#97&#110&#100 &#103&#114&#97&#115&#115&#121&#13&#10&#116&#101&#114&#114&#97&#105&#110 &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103&#115&#105&#100&#101 trails or &#97&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#100&#103&#101&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#102&#111&#114&#101&#115&#116 &#108&#97&#110&#100&#115&#46 Specimens are generally clustered in small groups of &#51&#48 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#111&#114 &#108&#101&#115&#115&#46 Deer droppings &#111&#114 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#97&#110&#105&#109&#97&#108 &#102&#101&#99&#101&#115 are usually present at those locations, even though the mushrooms never <a href="http://growset.com/kinds_of_mushies.htm" title="Kinds Of Mushies" alt="Kinds Of Mushies" >Kinds Of Mushies</a> grow directly on top of dung. Occasionally, extremely stunted specimens may be found &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#111&#117&#110&#116&#97&#105&#110&#115 &#98&#121 the side of the road. The soil &#98&#101&#108&#111&#119 &#111&#108&#100&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#119 &#112&#97&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 provides an &#101&#120&#99&#101&#108&#108&#101&#110&#116 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#117&#109 &#102&#111&#114 &#101&#120&#116&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 mycelial growth.<br> In some locations, large areas yield an abundance of fruiting bodies, mirroring the &#101&#120&#116&#101&#110&#116&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97&#108 &#115&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 soil. &#71&#105&#118&#101&#110 &#97&#100&#101&#113&#117&#97&#116&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#105&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101&#44 &#109&#97&#120&#105&#109&#117&#109 &#121&#105&#101&#108&#100&#115 can be &#101&#120&#112&#101&#99&#116&#101&#100&#44 &#105&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#112&#97&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#119&#97&#115 grazed at least once during the weeks before fruiting season. However, the &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#13&#10&#97&#108&#115&#111 &#116&#104&#114&#105&#118&#101 &#117&#110&#100&#101&#114 &#115&#105&#109&#105&#108&#97&#114 conditions on horse and sheep pastures.<br> &#83&#117&#99&#104 &#103&#114&#97&#115&#115&#121 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101 forests are usually grazing areas for deer, who provide the &#115&#111&#105&#108 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#97&#100&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#102&#101&#114&#116&#105&#108&#105&#122&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 However, Psilocybe semilanceata does not grow in &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#13&#10&#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#97&#114&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#101&#114&#116&#105&#108&#105&#122&#101&#114 &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110 used. Such pastures &#97&#114&#101 &#111&#102&#116&#101&#110 &#102&#108&#97&#110&#107&#101&#100 &#98&#121 HOW SYNTHESIS PSILOCYBE creeks &#111&#114 &#115&#119&#97&#109&#112&#13&#10&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#115&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#116&#101 the soil with water. During the summertime, the &#119&#97&#114&#109 &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#101 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 wet areas provides an excellent environment for optimal mycelial &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104&#46 &#73&#110 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#44 &#116&#104&#101 mushroom's habitat ranges from the coastal areas to mountainous regions, where the &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110&#13&#10&#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#97&#116 &#97&#108&#116&#105&#116&#117&#100&#101&#115 of &#117&#112 &#116&#111 &#49&#44&#55&#50&#48 &#109 &#40&#53&#44&#49&#54&#48 ft) above sea level (MTB-8443, 1985).<br> In the former Czechoslovakia, samples have been collected at altitudes ranging from 330 to &#49&#44&#48&#48&#48 &#109 &#40&#49&#44&#48&#48&#48 &#45&#13&#10 xican mushroom species, so that these materials need not be repeated in this context. However, certain aspects concerning the more recent &#117&#115&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 as their conditions of growth will receive more detailed attention in later &#99&#104&#97&#112&#116&#101&#114&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#105&#110 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#111&#115&#101 &#111&#102 this book is to inspire further study of these mushrooms, particularly basic &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#108&#13&#10&#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 of magic mushroom ingredients. The extensive &#98&#105&#98&#108&#105&#111&#103&#114&#97&#112&#104&#121 &#119&#105&#108&#108 &#104&#101&#108&#112&#13&#10&#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 other interested mycophiles <a href="http://growset.com/cow_shit_shrooms/statistics_on_shrooms.htm" title="Cow Shit Shrooms Statistics On Shrooms" alt="Cow Shit Shrooms Statistics On Shrooms" >Cow Shit Shrooms Statistics On Shrooms</a> to further immerse themselves in this complex area of &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#54 &#45 Bronze doors with mushroom &#109&#111&#116&#105&#102 &#101&#110&#116&#105&#116&#108&#101&#100 &#34&#84&#114&#105&#97&#108 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#74&#117&#100&#103&#109&#101&#110&#116&#34 at Hildesheim Cathedral, &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#40&#99&#97&#46 &#49&#48&#50&#48&#41&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 &#50&#13&#10&#82&#69&#70&#76&#69&#67&#84&#73&#79&#78&#83 ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAGIC MUSHROOMS It is remarkable that cultures &#110&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#101&#110&#116 knew about &#97 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101&#13&#10&#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 &#111&#102 natural mind-altering substances compared to early &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#118&#101&#100 &#105&#110 Europe or Asia. Botanical evidence does not &#115&#117&#112&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 is home to fewer hallucinogenic plants than other regions. Furthermore, the growing number &#111&#102 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 species containing psilocybin indicate &#97&#13&#10&#102&#108&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#105&#110&#103 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#102&#108&#111&#114&#97 &#105&#110 Europe similar to &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#105&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#116 is unlikely &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#13&#10&#108&#101&#97&#114&#110&#101&#100 less about &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 usage and experience than cultures elsewhere in the &#119&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#77&#111&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121&#44 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 cultural knowledge of European psychoactive plants and mushrooms &#119&#97&#115 &#108&#111&#115&#116 &#111&#114 &#100&#101&#115&#116&#114&#111&#121&#101&#100 at some time in history, pics of shrooms &#112&#114&#111&#98&#97&#98&#108&#121 &#97&#115 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#97&#115 several hundred years ago. The discovery &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#108&#121 &#97&#103&#97&#114&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 (Amanita muscaria) was &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#102&#111&#114 &#105&#116&#115&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#112&#114&#111&#112&#101&#114&#116&#105&#101&#115 in Siberia &#105&#110&#118&#105&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 mushroom was used as a psychotropic agent in medieval &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108&#46 &#73&#110&#13&#10&#102&#97&#99&#116&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 is very little evidence from the Middle Ages &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 of the effects &#111&#102 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#111&#110 human consciousness. However, I believe that past &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#115&#13&#10&#111&#110 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 causally linked to Amanita muscaria simply because this was &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#111&#110&#108&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 in Europe at that time. While &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97 muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated reports of spectacular hallucinations, European accounts of fly agaric &#105&#110&#116&#111&#120&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#100&#111 &#110&#111&#116 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 include descriptions of such intensely hallucinatory effects.<br> Accordingly, &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#111&#102 specific Psilocybes and &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#116&#111 have &#104&#97&#100 &#97 &#109&#117&#99&#104 &#109&#111&#114&#101 significant influence on &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 the delirium-like visions induced by Amanita muscaria, a species that is also known to induce unconsciousness and severe &#115&#111&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#115&#105&#100&#101 &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#105&#115 &#104&#121&#112&#111&#116&#104&#101&#115&#105&#115 is corroborated by data &#102&#114&#111&#109&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#100&#117&#99&#116&#101&#100 &#105&#110 Mexico. I believe that historic accounts including those described &#98&#101&#108&#111&#119 &#45 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 &#97 knowledge &#111&#102 The first livestock to arrive in Australia were brought from the Cape of Good Hope in </p> </div> </div> <div id="footer"><br /> Webdesign by <a href="http://growset.com/mushroom_identification/effects_of_magic_mushroom.htm" title="Mushroom Identification Effects Of Magic Mushroom" alt="Mushroom Identification Effects Of Magic Mushroom" >Mushroom Identification Effects Of Magic Mushroom</a> / <a href='http://www.brasilbeachhouses.com' alt='brasilbeachhouses' >brasilbeachhouses</a><br><a href='http://www.shayanashop.com/Magic_Mushrooms/ls-Magic_Mushrooms-1024-pm14.aspx' alt='Magic mushrooms' >Magic mushrooms</a><br><a href='http://www.shayanashop.com/Magic_Mushrooms-14-hc.aspx' alt='Magic Shrooms' >Magic Shrooms</a><br> </div> </body>